Plant Profile: Hydrocotyle americana

Taxonomy: Hydrocotyle americana

Names

American Water-Pennywort, Navelwort, Water Pennywort

  • Photo of Hydrocotyle americana (Hydrocotyle americanas)

Phonetic Spelling:HY-droh-klees a-mer-ih-KAY-nah

Genus:Hydrocotyle

Species:americana

Family:Araliaceae

Water Pennywort is a small, creeping native species that thrives in damp environments, including bogs, seeps, marshy fields, wet woodlands, and the edges of lakes. This plant is distributed across eastern North America, ranging from Canada down to South Carolina, with its presence noted in the western Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina. It propagates through stolons that take root in the soil and develop small tubers. Preferring cool summer temperatures, Water Pennywort flourishes in moist to wet conditions.

It can be cultivated in one-gallon pots, either in full sun or partial shade, with water levels reaching up to two inches above the crown, or it can be planted in bogs or near streams and ponds.

Hydrocotyle americana Feature Summary

Hydrocotyle americana Image Gallery

Tags

#full sun tolerant
#water garden
#NC native
#creeping
#ponds
#mountains
#groundcover
#cool weather plant
#partial shade tolerant
#streams
#bog gardens

Similar Plants

Hydrocotyle americana Feature Summary

Attributes
East Canada to North Central & Eastern U.S.A
AR , CT , DC , DE , IN , KY , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , PA , RI , SC , TN , VA , VT , WI , WV Canada: NB , NL , NS , PE
Fruit
Fruit is tiny, dry, flattened, and circular, containing two seeds that split apart.
Green
Brown/Copper
Flowers
Inconspicuous white flowers below the leaves in the axils. 5 petals and 5 stamens 1.8 inch orsmaller. Blooms June to September
Insignificant
Umbel
4-5 petals/rays
< 1 inch
Leaves
Leaves are round to kidney-shaped, ¼ to 2¼ inches wide, with 6 to 10 shallowly toothed, shallow lobes around the edge, on a sparsely hairy stalk up to 2 inches long. Stem attaches near the center of the leaf.
Orbicular
1-3 inches
1-3 inches
Stem
Stems are hairless, slender and creep along the ground, rooting at the nodes
Smooth (glabrous)
Whole Plant Traits
Native Plant
Water Plant
Creeping
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Occasionally Wet
Frequent Standing Water
Mountains
Landscape
Rain Garden
Water Garden

Hydrocotyle americana Attributes

Hydrocotyle americana: Country Or Region Of Origin

East Canada to North Central & Eastern U.S.A

Hydrocotyle americana: Distribution

AR , CT , DC , DE , IN , KY , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , PA , RI , SC , TN , VA , VT , WI , WV Canada: NB , NL , NS , PE

Hydrocotyle americana Fruit

Hydrocotyle americana: Fruit Description

Fruit is tiny, dry, flattened, and circular, containing two seeds that split apart.

Hydrocotyle americana: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Hydrocotyle americana: Fruit Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Green

Hydrocotyle americana Flowers

Hydrocotyle americana: Flower Description

Inconspicuous white flowers below the leaves in the axils. 5 petals and 5 stamens 1.8 inch orsmaller. Blooms June to September

Hydrocotyle americana: Flower Color

filter_vintage
White

Hydrocotyle americana: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Hydrocotyle americana: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Hydrocotyle americana: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Hydrocotyle americana: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Hydrocotyle americana Leaves

Hydrocotyle americana: Leaf Description

Leaves are round to kidney-shaped, ¼ to 2¼ inches wide, with 6 to 10 shallowly toothed, shallow lobes around the edge, on a sparsely hairy stalk up to 2 inches long. Stem attaches near the center of the leaf.

Hydrocotyle americana: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Hydrocotyle americana: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Hydrocotyle americana: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Hydrocotyle americana: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Hydrocotyle americana: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Hydrocotyle americana: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Hydrocotyle americana: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Hydrocotyle americana Stem

Hydrocotyle americana: Stem Description

Stems are hairless, slender and creep along the ground, rooting at the nodes

Hydrocotyle americana: Stem Color

grass
Green

Hydrocotyle americana: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Hydrocotyle americana: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Hydrocotyle americana Whole Plant Traits

Hydrocotyle americana: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Hydrocotyle americana: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Hydrocotyle americana Cultural Conditions

Hydrocotyle americana: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Hydrocotyle americana: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Hydrocotyle americana: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Hydrocotyle americana Landscape

Hydrocotyle americana: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Hydrocotyle americana: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Hydrocotyle americana: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland