• Photo of Pinus clausa (Pinus clausas)

Plant Profile: Pinus clausa

Taxonomy: Pinus clausa

Names

Alabama Pine, Florida Spruce Pine, Sand Pine, Scrub Pine

  • Photo of Pinus clausa (Pinus clausas)

Phonetic Spelling:PY-nus KLAW-suh

Genus:Pinus

Species:clausa

Family:Pinaceae

Sand Pine is a coniferous evergreen tree native to the coastal regions of Florida and Alabama, thriving in highly acidic sandy soils. This species plays a crucial role in the Florida scrub ecosystem, offering essential habitat for various wildlife. Typically reaching heights of up to 65 feet, Sand Pines feature dense branches that spread or ascend but do not shed their lower limbs effectively, resulting in a rounded or irregular crown shape. Due to their growth in hurricane-prone areas, these trees often exhibit a lean to one side. Sand Pines have a relatively short lifespan, living for about 60 years.

Pinus clausa Feature Summary

Pinus clausa Image Gallery

Tags

#evergreen
#drought tolerant
#wildlife plant
#large tree
#moths
#needled evergreen
#nighttime garden
#coastal plants
#Braham Arboretum
#poor soils tolerant
#larval host plant
#evergreen tree
#pine tree
#bird friendly
#mammals
#moth larvae
#sandy soil
#pollinator garden
#imperial moth

Similar Plants

Pinus clausa is often confused with:

Pinus clausa Feature Summary

Attributes
It is used for pulp wood, making ship masts and as christmas trees.
This plant supports Imperial Moth (Eacles imperialis) larvae which have one brood per season and appear from April-October in the south. Adult Imperial Moths do not feed. Provides cover for wildlife. Seeds are eaten by birds and small mammals.
Fruit
2-3.5 inch, armed with short stout prickles, reddish-brown to grey-brown oval pollen cone. Seed cones are red-brown.
1-3 inches
Flowers
Purple/Lavender
Gold/Yellow
Leaves
2-4 inch yellow-green needles are 2 per fascicle with twisted margins that are finely serrated. The needles last 2-3 years.
Needles
Linear
Filiform
Bark
Thin reddish brown to grey-brown smooth bark that eventually developing scaly patches. Gray to gray-brown, furrowed, with narrow, flat, irregular ridges, upper part of the trunk is red-brown platy and becoming smooth as it reaches the branches
Dark Gray
Dark Brown
Red/Burgundy
Stem
Spreading to ascending poor job of self-pruning. Purple to red-brown aging to gray and smooth. Buds are cylindric purple-brown with white fringed scales.
Brown/Copper
Purple/Lavender
Red/Burgundy
Smooth (glabrous)
Whole Plant Traits
Rounded
Erect
Irregular
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Acid (<6.0)
Good Drainage
Very Dry
Landscape
Drought Tolerant Garden
Pollinator Garden
Nighttime Garden
Drought
Heat
Dry Soil
Poor Soil
Pollinators
Songbirds
Moths
Small Mammals
Short-lived

Pinus clausa Attributes

Pinus clausa: Uses (Ethnobotany)

It is used for pulp wood, making ship masts and as christmas trees.

Pinus clausa: Country Or Region Of Origin

U.S.A., AL and FL

Pinus clausa: Distribution

AL, FL

Pinus clausa: Wildlife Value

This plant supports Imperial Moth (Eacles imperialis) larvae which have one brood per season and appear from April-October in the south. Adult Imperial Moths do not feed. Provides cover for wildlife. Seeds are eaten by birds and small mammals.

Pinus clausa: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Pinus clausa: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Pinus clausa Fruit

Pinus clausa: Fruit Description

2-3.5 inch, armed with short stout prickles, reddish-brown to grey-brown oval pollen cone. Seed cones are red-brown.

Pinus clausa: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Pinus clausa Flowers

Pinus clausa: Flower Description

No flowers

Pinus clausa: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow
filter_vintage
Purple/Lavender

Pinus clausa Leaves

Pinus clausa: Leaf Description

2-4 inch yellow-green needles are 2 per fascicle with twisted margins that are finely serrated. The needles last 2-3 years.

Pinus clausa: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Pinus clausa: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Pinus clausa: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Pinus clausa: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Pinus clausa: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Pinus clausa: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Pinus clausa Bark

Pinus clausa: Bark Description

Thin reddish brown to grey-brown smooth bark that eventually developing scaly patches. Gray to gray-brown, furrowed, with narrow, flat, irregular ridges, upper part of the trunk is red-brown platy and becoming smooth as it reaches the branches

Pinus clausa: Bark Color

grass
Dark Brown
grass
Dark Gray
grass
Red/Burgundy

Pinus clausa: Surface/Attachment

Bumpy
Exfoliating
Fissured
Furrowed
Lenticels
Papery
Patchy
Peeling
Ridges
Scaly
Shaggy
Shiny
Shredding
Smooth
Spongy

Pinus clausa Stem

Pinus clausa: Stem Description

Spreading to ascending poor job of self-pruning. Purple to red-brown aging to gray and smooth. Buds are cylindric purple-brown with white fringed scales.

Pinus clausa: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Purple/Lavender
grass
Red/Burgundy

Pinus clausa: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Pinus clausa: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Pinus clausa: Stem Buds

Hairy
Hairy tips
Scaly
Smooth/Hairless

Pinus clausa Whole Plant Traits

Pinus clausa: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Pinus clausa: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Pinus clausa: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Pinus clausa: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Pinus clausa Cultural Conditions

Pinus clausa: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Pinus clausa: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Pinus clausa: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Pinus clausa: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
10a
thermostat
10b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Pinus clausa: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Pinus clausa Landscape

Pinus clausa: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Pinus clausa: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Pinus clausa: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Pinus clausa: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Pinus clausa: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy