• Photo of Platanthera flava (Platanthera flavas)

Plant Profile: Platanthera flava

Taxonomy: Platanthera flava

Names

Pale Green Orchid, Southern Gypsy-spike, Southern Rein-orchid

  • Photo of Platanthera flava (Platanthera flavas)

Phonetic Spelling:pla-TAN-ther-uh FLAH-vah

Genus:Platanthera

Species:flava

Family:Orchidaceae

The pale green orchid is a wildflower indigenous to eastern and central North America. In North Carolina, it can be found in various wet habitats, including floodplain forests, hardwood swamps, white-cedar swamps, cypress swamps, riparian thickets, and wet meadows. This species is classified as threatened or endangered in certain states due to habitat loss. Under optimal conditions, it has the potential to form small colonies and propagates through tubers. In the southern regions, it typically blooms from spring through fall. There are two distinct varieties of this orchid, one located in the northern part of its range and the other in the south.

The pale green orchid thrives in full or partial sunlight, prefers wet to moist environments, and grows best in sandy or sandy-peaty soils. However, it can be challenging to cultivate and is rarely available for purchase, as it does not transplant easily.

Platanthera flava Feature Summary

Platanthera flava Image Gallery

Tags

#perennial
#green
#yellow-green
#moths
#riparian
#wetlands
#wet sites
#endangered
#NC native
#swamps
#native garden
#orchid
#floodplain
#wildflower garden
#spiky
#wet soils tolerant
#partial shade tolerant

Similar Plants

Platanthera flava Feature Summary

Attributes
E. Canada to E. Central & SE. U.S.A
coastal plain of New Jersy and Maryland, south to central Florida, west to southeastern Texas, western Arkansas, eastern Missouri, southern Illinois, southern Indiana, western Tennessee, and western Kentucky. Nova Scotia in Canada.
Perennial
Fruit
Capsule nearly erect, ellipsoidal, to 1/3 inch long, finely ribbed. It contains numerous tiny seeds that are dispersed by the wind.
1-3 inches
Flowers
2-10 inch long spike of 1/3 inch whitish green or yellowish-green flowers with 3 petals and 3 sepals. The upper sepal curves forward and functions as a protective hood. The lowest petal forms the lower lip that curves forward and downward from the center of the flower forming a spur. The base has a pair of tiny eared lobes at the margins. There is also a small tubercle (or bump) that is found toward the base of the lip. Blooms spring into fall. Pollinated by mosquitoes and moths.
Gold/Yellow
Green
Long Bloom Season
Spring
Summer
Fall
2-3 rays/petals
< 1 inch
Leaves
2-5 leaves per stem, sessile, sheathing, glabrous, entire, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, acute at apex, dull green above, slightly shinier below. They are up to 8 inches long and 2 inches wide, becoming smaller as the ascend the stem.
Elliptical
Lanceolate
> 6 inches
1-3 inches
Stem
Stout central stem is light green and glabrous.
Smooth (glabrous)
Whole Plant Traits
Native Plant
Wildflower
Cultural Conditions
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Moist
Occasionally Wet
Frequent Standing Water
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
9a
9b
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape

Platanthera flava Attributes

Platanthera flava: Country Or Region Of Origin

E. Canada to E. Central & SE. U.S.A

Platanthera flava: Distribution

coastal plain of New Jersy and Maryland, south to central Florida, west to southeastern Texas, western Arkansas, eastern Missouri, southern Illinois, southern Indiana, western Tennessee, and western Kentucky. Nova Scotia in Canada.

Platanthera flava: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Platanthera flava Fruit

Platanthera flava: Fruit Description

Capsule nearly erect, ellipsoidal, to 1/3 inch long, finely ribbed. It contains numerous tiny seeds that are dispersed by the wind.

Platanthera flava: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Platanthera flava: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Platanthera flava: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Platanthera flava Flowers

Platanthera flava: Flower Description

2-10 inch long spike of 1/3 inch whitish green or yellowish-green flowers with 3 petals and 3 sepals. The upper sepal curves forward and functions as a protective hood. The lowest petal forms the lower lip that curves forward and downward from the center of the flower forming a spur. The base has a pair of tiny eared lobes at the margins. There is also a small tubercle (or bump) that is found toward the base of the lip. Blooms spring into fall. Pollinated by mosquitoes and moths.

Platanthera flava: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow
filter_vintage
Green

Platanthera flava: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Platanthera flava: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Platanthera flava: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Platanthera flava: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Platanthera flava: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Platanthera flava: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Platanthera flava Leaves

Platanthera flava: Leaf Description

2-5 leaves per stem, sessile, sheathing, glabrous, entire, narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, acute at apex, dull green above, slightly shinier below. They are up to 8 inches long and 2 inches wide, becoming smaller as the ascend the stem.

Platanthera flava: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Platanthera flava: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Platanthera flava: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Platanthera flava: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Platanthera flava: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Platanthera flava: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Platanthera flava: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Platanthera flava: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Platanthera flava Stem

Platanthera flava: Stem Description

Stout central stem is light green and glabrous.

Platanthera flava: Stem Color

grass
Green

Platanthera flava: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Platanthera flava: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Platanthera flava Whole Plant Traits

Platanthera flava: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Platanthera flava: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Platanthera flava Cultural Conditions

Platanthera flava: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Platanthera flava: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Platanthera flava: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Platanthera flava: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Platanthera flava: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Platanthera flava Landscape

Platanthera flava: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Platanthera flava: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Platanthera flava: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Platanthera flava: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees