• Photo of Solidago bicolor (Solidago bicolors)

Plant Profile: Solidago bicolor

Taxonomy: Solidago bicolor

Names

Goldenrod, Silver-rod, White Goldenrod

  • Photo of Solidago bicolor (Solidago bicolors)

Phonetic Spelling:so-li-DAY-go BY-kul-ur

Genus:Solidago

Species:bicolor

Family:Asteraceae

Solidago bicolor, commonly known as White Goldenrod, is a perennial wildflower belonging to the Asteraceae family. It blooms from late summer through fall, showcasing a tall spike adorned with clusters of short-stalked flower heads. These heads feature rays that range from white to yellowish-white, encircling a central yellow disk, all atop a hairy, grayish stem. Notably, this is the only Solidago species with white rays found along the eastern coast.

White Goldenrod thrives in dry, often nutrient-poor soils and prefers full sun to partial shade, particularly favoring heavy clay soils. It is also drought-tolerant. While goldenrod species are frequently blamed for causing hay fever, the actual culprit is ragweed (Ambrosia species), whose airborne pollen coincides with the flowering of goldenrod. Additionally, this plant is resistant to deer.

With up to 120 species in the Solidago genus, most of which bear small yellow flowers, White Goldenrod can easily be mistaken for other Solidago varieties.

In terms of pests and diseases, there are no known issues affecting this plant.

Solidago bicolor Feature Summary

Solidago bicolor Image Gallery

Tags

#drought tolerant
#perennial
#white flowers
#wildlife plant
#native perennial
#nectar plant
#fall interest
#specialized bees
#fire
#medium flammability
#NC native
#summer flowers
#deer resistant
#pollinator plant
#native wildflower
#wildflower garden
#poor soils tolerant
#larval host plant
#NC Native Pollinator Plant
#clay soils tolerant
#bird friendly
#butterfly friendly
#pollinator garden
#bee friendly
#woodlands
#wavy-lined emerald butterfly

Similar Plants

Solidago bicolor Feature Summary

Attributes
Eastern Canada and United States
This plant supports Wavy-lined Emerald (Synchlora aerata) larvae. The White Goldenrod flowers produce nectar that attracts butterflies, native bees, honey bees and other pollinators. Songbirds eat the seeds.  Members of the genus Solidago support the following specialized bees: Andrena (Callandrena s.l.) asteris, Andrena (Callandrena s.l.) braccata, Andrena (Cnemidandrena) hirticincta, Andrena (Cnemidandrena) nubecula, Andrena (Callandrena s.l.) simplex, Perdita (Perdita) octomaculata, Melissodes (Eumelissodes) fumosus, Colletes simulans, and Colletes solidaginis.
The leaves and berries contain the poisonous alkaloid solanine; although the toxic quality of the berries seems to disappear with ripening, it is best not to eat them.
Perennial
medium flammability
Flowers
Blooms July through October. Elongated spikes of white to yellowish white ray flowers surrounding a yellow disk flower on very short branches.
< 1 inch
Leaves
Elliptical upper leaves; lower leaves are 2 to 4 inches long, stalked, shallowly toothed and have a grayish down.
Elliptical
3-6 inches
Whole Plant Traits
Herbaceous Perennial
Wildflower
Erect
Clumping
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Good Drainage
Occasionally Dry
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
9a
9b
10a
10b
Clay
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky
Landscape
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Native Garden
Drought
Deer
Dry Soil
Butterflies
Pollinators
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Solidago bicolor Attributes

Solidago bicolor: Country Or Region Of Origin

Eastern Canada and United States

Solidago bicolor: Wildlife Value

This plant supports Wavy-lined Emerald (Synchlora aerata) larvae. The White Goldenrod flowers produce nectar that attracts butterflies, native bees, honey bees and other pollinators. Songbirds eat the seeds.  Members of the genus Solidago support the following specialized bees: Andrena (Callandrena s.l.) asteris, Andrena (Callandrena s.l.) braccata, Andrena (Cnemidandrena) hirticincta, Andrena (Cnemidandrena) nubecula, Andrena (Callandrena s.l.) simplex, Perdita (Perdita) octomaculata, Melissodes (Eumelissodes) fumosus, Colletes simulans, and Colletes solidaginis.

Solidago bicolor: Edibility

The leaves and berries contain the poisonous alkaloid solanine; although the toxic quality of the berries seems to disappear with ripening, it is best not to eat them.

Solidago bicolor: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Solidago bicolor: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Solidago bicolor: Fire Risk Rating

extreme flammability
high flammability
low flammability
medium flammability

Solidago bicolor Flowers

Solidago bicolor: Flower Description

Blooms July through October. Elongated spikes of white to yellowish white ray flowers surrounding a yellow disk flower on very short branches.

Solidago bicolor: Flower Color

filter_vintage
White

Solidago bicolor: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Solidago bicolor: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Solidago bicolor: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Solidago bicolor: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Solidago bicolor: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Solidago bicolor Leaves

Solidago bicolor: Leaf Description

Elliptical upper leaves; lower leaves are 2 to 4 inches long, stalked, shallowly toothed and have a grayish down.

Solidago bicolor: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Solidago bicolor: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Solidago bicolor: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Solidago bicolor: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Solidago bicolor: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Solidago bicolor: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Solidago bicolor Whole Plant Traits

Solidago bicolor: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Solidago bicolor: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Solidago bicolor: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Solidago bicolor: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Solidago bicolor Cultural Conditions

Solidago bicolor: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Solidago bicolor: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Solidago bicolor: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Solidago bicolor: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
10a
thermostat
10b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Solidago bicolor: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Solidago bicolor Stem

Solidago bicolor: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Solidago bicolor Landscape

Solidago bicolor: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Solidago bicolor: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Solidago bicolor: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Solidago bicolor: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees