Plant Profile: Vaccinium pallidum

Taxonomy: Vaccinium pallidum

Names

Bilberry, Blue Ridge Blueberry, Dryland Blueberry, Hillside Blueberry, Lowbush Blueberry, Whortleberry

  • Photo of Vaccinium pallidum (Vaccinium pallidums)

Phonetic Spelling:vak-SIN-ee-um va-SIL-ans

Genus:Vaccinium

Species:pallidum

Family:Ericaceae

Lowbush Blueberry is a native deciduous shrub belonging to the Ericaceae family, commonly found in dry woodlands, sloped forests, clearings, and thickets. Typically reaching heights and widths of 2 to 3 feet, it features a rounded shape. This shrub is low-maintenance and drought-resistant, showcasing stunning red to orange hues in the fall. It propagates through underground runners, often forming dense clumps. As a valuable resource for wildlife, its berries are consumed by various animals, and it serves as a host plant.

The shrub readily hybridizes with other blueberry species, resulting in variations in the size and shape of its leaves, flowers, and fruit.

Lowbush Blueberry can serve as an attractive ornamental shrub in native gardens or naturalized areas. It thrives in well-drained, acidic soils and prefers full sun, although it can tolerate some shade.

Regarding fire safety, this plant has a low flammability rating.

In terms of pests, diseases, and other issues, it is important to note that Lowbush Blueberry does not thrive in alkaline soils.

For further details on Vaccinium, please refer to additional resources.

Vaccinium pallidum Feature Summary

Vaccinium pallidum Image Gallery

Tags

#black
#deciduous
#fall color
#blue
#wildlife plant
#native shrub
#low maintenance
#fall interest
#berries
#hedges
#small mammals
#low water use
#food source
#low flammability
#NC native
#fire resistant
#edible fruits
#naturalizes
#pollinator plant
#edible garden
#food source summer
#food source herbage
#food source pollen
#fruits
#bird friendly
#mammals
#food source soft mast fruit
#butterfly friendly
#butterfly larvae
#audubon

Similar Plants

Vaccinium pallidum Feature Summary

Attributes
Eastern and central North America
: AL , AR , CT , DC , DE , GA , IL , IN , KS , KY , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , MO , MS , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , OK , PA , RI , SC , TN , VA , VT , WI , WV Canada: ON
It is a host plant for the Brown Elfin butterfly. Its fruits are eaten by songbirds, small mammals, ruffed grouse, wild turkeys and black bear. Members of the genus Vaccinium support the following specialized bees:Andrena (Conandrena) bradleyi, Andrena (Andrena) carolina, Panurginus atramontensis, Habropoda laboriosa, Colletes productus, Colletes validus, and Osmia (Melanosmia) virga.
The fruit of the Lowbush blueberry can be eaten raw or cooked. The flavor is sweet to bland.
low flammability
Fruit
1/4 inch edible blue-black berry matures in mid-summer (June-July). The fruit is edible and sweet to the taste. Females cannot produce fruit on their own.
Black
Blue
< 1 inch
Flowers
1/3 inch white bell-shaped flowers that form in tight hanging clusters occur late spring (March-April)
4-5 petals/rays
< 1 inch
Leaves
1- 2.25-inch oval to ovate leaves are .5 to 1 inch across and medium to yellow-green. The undersides are pale green, sometimes glaucous, and may have hairs. Margins are entire but may have some serration near the apex. Fall color is oranges to reds.
Green
Gold/Yellow
Orange
Red/Burgundy
Elliptical
Ovate
Obovate
Entire
Serrate
1-3 inches
< 1 inch
Bark
The bark is smooth and green to green-red.
Dark Brown
Green
Light Brown
Red/Burgundy
Stem
Stems are glabrous and yellowish-green with small warty dots. Older branches become woody and vary in color from red to yellowish-brown;
Brown/Copper
Green
Gold/Yellow
Smooth (glabrous)
Whole Plant Traits
Cultural Conditions
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Acid (<6.0)
Good Drainage
Occasionally Dry
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
9a
9b
Clay
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Native Garden
Hedge
Small groups
Woodland
Lawn
Naturalized Area
Butterflies
Pollinators
Songbirds
Small Mammals

Vaccinium pallidum Attributes

Vaccinium pallidum: Country Or Region Of Origin

Eastern and central North America

Vaccinium pallidum: Distribution

: AL , AR , CT , DC , DE , GA , IL , IN , KS , KY , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , MO , MS , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , OK , PA , RI , SC , TN , VA , VT , WI , WV Canada: ON

Vaccinium pallidum: Wildlife Value

It is a host plant for the Brown Elfin butterfly. Its fruits are eaten by songbirds, small mammals, ruffed grouse, wild turkeys and black bear. Members of the genus Vaccinium support the following specialized bees:Andrena (Conandrena) bradleyi, Andrena (Andrena) carolina, Panurginus atramontensis, Habropoda laboriosa, Colletes productus, Colletes validus, and Osmia (Melanosmia) virga.

Vaccinium pallidum: Edibility

The fruit of the Lowbush blueberry can be eaten raw or cooked. The flavor is sweet to bland.

Vaccinium pallidum: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Vaccinium pallidum: Fire Risk Rating

extreme flammability
high flammability
low flammability
medium flammability

Vaccinium pallidum Fruit

Vaccinium pallidum: Fruit Description

1/4 inch edible blue-black berry matures in mid-summer (June-July). The fruit is edible and sweet to the taste. Females cannot produce fruit on their own.

Vaccinium pallidum: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Vaccinium pallidum: Fruit Color

grass
Black
grass
Blue

Vaccinium pallidum: Fruit Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Vaccinium pallidum: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Vaccinium pallidum: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Vaccinium pallidum: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Vaccinium pallidum Flowers

Vaccinium pallidum: Flower Description

1/3 inch white bell-shaped flowers that form in tight hanging clusters occur late spring (March-April)

Vaccinium pallidum: Flower Color

filter_vintage
White

Vaccinium pallidum: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Vaccinium pallidum: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Vaccinium pallidum: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Vaccinium pallidum: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Vaccinium pallidum: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Vaccinium pallidum: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Vaccinium pallidum Leaves

Vaccinium pallidum: Leaf Description

1- 2.25-inch oval to ovate leaves are .5 to 1 inch across and medium to yellow-green. The undersides are pale green, sometimes glaucous, and may have hairs. Margins are entire but may have some serration near the apex. Fall color is oranges to reds.

Vaccinium pallidum: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Vaccinium pallidum: Leaf Color

spa
Gold/Yellow
spa
Green

Vaccinium pallidum: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Orange
spa
Red/Burgundy

Vaccinium pallidum: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Vaccinium pallidum: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Vaccinium pallidum: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Vaccinium pallidum: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Vaccinium pallidum: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Vaccinium pallidum: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Vaccinium pallidum: Leaf Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long-lasting
Showy

Vaccinium pallidum: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Vaccinium pallidum Bark

Vaccinium pallidum: Bark Description

The bark is smooth and green to green-red.

Vaccinium pallidum: Bark Color

grass
Dark Brown
grass
Green
grass
Light Brown
grass
Red/Burgundy

Vaccinium pallidum: Surface/Attachment

Bumpy
Exfoliating
Fissured
Furrowed
Lenticels
Papery
Patchy
Peeling
Ridges
Scaly
Shaggy
Shiny
Shredding
Smooth
Spongy

Vaccinium pallidum Stem

Vaccinium pallidum: Stem Description

Stems are glabrous and yellowish-green with small warty dots. Older branches become woody and vary in color from red to yellowish-brown;

Vaccinium pallidum: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Gold/Yellow
grass
Green

Vaccinium pallidum: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Vaccinium pallidum: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Vaccinium pallidum Whole Plant Traits

Vaccinium pallidum: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Vaccinium pallidum: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Vaccinium pallidum: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Vaccinium pallidum: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Vaccinium pallidum: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Vaccinium pallidum: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Vaccinium pallidum Cultural Conditions

Vaccinium pallidum: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Vaccinium pallidum: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Vaccinium pallidum: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Vaccinium pallidum: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Vaccinium pallidum: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Vaccinium pallidum: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Vaccinium pallidum Landscape

Vaccinium pallidum: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Vaccinium pallidum: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Vaccinium pallidum: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Vaccinium pallidum: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Vaccinium pallidum: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees