Plant Profile: Zigadenus glaberrimus

Taxonomy: Zigadenus glaberrimus

Names

Camas, Large Death Camus, Large-flowered Zigadenus, Sandbog Deathcamas, Snakeroot

  • Photo of Zigadenus glaberrimus (Zigadenus glaberrimuss)

Phonetic Spelling:zig-uh-DEN-us gla-ber-REE-mus

Genus:Zigadenus

Species:glaberrimus

Family:Melanthiaceae

Zigadenus glaberrimus stands as the sole surviving species within the Zigadenus genus, while twenty other species that were once classified under this genus have now been reallocated to four distinct genera. This particular species is characterized by its thick, twisted rhizome and the presence of two prominent glands on each tepal. In contrast, the former members of this genus originate from true bulbs.

Commonly known as Large Death Camus, this perennial wildflower is native to the region and is known for its striking large white flowers. Each panicle can feature between 30 to 70 blossoms.

In its natural habitat, Large Death Camus thrives in environments such as sandhill seepage bogs, pine savannas, the edges of pocosins, along small streams, and in sandy pine forests. It typically flourishes in low-lying areas, generally below 350 feet in elevation.

It is important to note that all parts of this plant are toxic to both humans and animals due to the presence of harmful alkaloids, with the dried seeds and capsules being particularly dangerous.

For further details on Zigadenus, additional resources are available.

Zigadenus glaberrimus Feature Summary

Zigadenus glaberrimus Image Gallery

Tags

#showy flowers
#poisonous
#heat tolerant
#showy
#herbaceous
#NC native
#herbaceous perennial
#pollinator plant
#short lifespan
#food source fall
#food source nectar
#food source pollen
#Coastal FACW
#Piedmont Mountains OBL
#native
#butterfly friendly
#pollinator garden
#bee friendly
#audubon
#butterfly garden
#salt spray intolerant
#poisonous to livestock

Similar Plants

Zigadenus glaberrimus Feature Summary

Attributes
Southeastern U.S.A.
AL , FL , GA , MS , NC , SC , TX , VA
This plant attracts pollinators such as bees and butterflies.
Perennial
Attracts Pollinators
Attractive Flowers
medium flammability
Fruit
Fruit in the form of a cone-shaped capsule displays from August to November.
< 1 inch
Flowers
6 to 12 flowers clustered on short stems or attached directly to a main stem. 6 creamy white to pale-yellow tepals with two lime green dots. Stamens are long and showy. Blooms June-September.
White
Gold/Yellow
Cream/Tan
6 petals/rays
1-3 inches
Leaves
Veined, linear, grass-like basal leaves form in the spring. Stem leaves are reduced.
> 6 inches
< 1 inch
Stem
Multi-branched glabrous stems with a reddish hue.
Green
Red/Burgundy
Smooth (glabrous)
Straight
Poisonous to Humans
SLUDGE - Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, GI upset, and Emesis.
Seeds
Leaves
Stems
Flowers
Fruits
Roots
Whole Plant Traits
Perennial
Native Plant
Wildflower
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Acid (<6.0)
Moist
Occasionally Wet
3 feet-6 feet
12 inches-3 feet
Coastal
8b
8a
9a
9b
10a
10b
11a
11b
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Native Garden
Water Garden
Border
Mass Planting
Patio
Walkways
Woodland
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Slope/Bank
Pond
Butterflies
Pollinators
Bees
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Problem for Children

Zigadenus glaberrimus Attributes

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Country Or Region Of Origin

Southeastern U.S.A.

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Distribution

AL , FL , GA , MS , NC , SC , TX , VA

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Wildlife Value

This plant attracts pollinators such as bees and butterflies.

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems)

Heat tolerant.

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Fire Risk Rating

extreme flammability
high flammability
low flammability
medium flammability

Zigadenus glaberrimus Fruit

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Fruit Description

Fruit in the form of a cone-shaped capsule displays from August to November.

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Zigadenus glaberrimus Flowers

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Flower Description

6 to 12 flowers clustered on short stems or attached directly to a main stem. 6 creamy white to pale-yellow tepals with two lime green dots. Stamens are long and showy. Blooms June-September.

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Cream/Tan
filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow
filter_vintage
White

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Zigadenus glaberrimus Leaves

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Leaf Description

Veined, linear, grass-like basal leaves form in the spring. Stem leaves are reduced.

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Zigadenus glaberrimus Stem

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Stem Description

Multi-branched glabrous stems with a reddish hue.

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Stem Color

grass
Green
grass
Red/Burgundy

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Stem Form

Straight
Zig Zags

Zigadenus glaberrimus Poisonous to Humans

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Poison Symptoms

SLUDGE - Salivation, Lacrimation, Urination, Defecation, GI upset, and Emesis.

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Poison Toxic Principle

Alkaloids

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Zigadenus glaberrimus Whole Plant Traits

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Zigadenus glaberrimus Cultural Conditions

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Zigadenus glaberrimus: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Zigadenus glaberrimus: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
10a
thermostat
10b
thermostat
11a
thermostat
11b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Zigadenus glaberrimus Landscape

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Zigadenus glaberrimus: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy