• Photo of Zizia aurea (Zizia aureas)

Plant Profile: Zizia aurea

Taxonomy: Zizia aurea

Names

Common Golden Alexander, Golden Alexanders

  • Photo of Zizia aurea (Zizia aureas)

Phonetic Spelling:ZIZ-ee-uh AW-re-uh

Genus:Zizia

Species:aurea

Family:Apiaceae

Golden Alexanders is a resilient plant that typically grows in small clusters in wet soils, yet it can also withstand dry summer conditions. It flourishes in both full and partial sunlight, and can even thrive in the dappled shade beneath trees.

This species is commonly found in a variety of habitats, including moist black soil prairies, openings within damp to moderately moist woodlands, savannas, thickets, limestone glades and bluffs, as well as power line clearings in wooded areas and abandoned fields.

In recognition of its beauty and ecological importance, Golden Alexanders was honored as the 2012 Wildflower of the Year in North Carolina, a designation overseen by the North Carolina Botanical Garden with financial backing from the Garden Club of North Carolina.

Zizia aurea Feature Summary

Zizia aurea Image Gallery

Tags

#perennial
#easy to grow
#native perennial
#cut flowers
#low maintenance
#ncemgva2018
#fast growing
#NC native
#summer flowers
#thickets
#naturalizes
#disturbed areas
#pollinator plant
#native wildflower
#larval host plant
#food source summer
#NC Native Pollinator Plant
#food source herbage
#coastal FAC
#Piedmont Mountains FAC
#dry soils tolerant
#butterfly friendly
#audubon
#meadows
#woodlands
#NC Wildflower of the Year

Similar Plants

Zizia aurea Feature Summary

Attributes
Eastern North America
Eastern Canada and USA
This plant attracts butterflies and bees.
Perennial
Wildlife Food Source
Attracts Pollinators
Fruit
Flowers give way to 3 – 4 millimeter long, oblong, green fruit capsules slowly turn light purple in the autumn. Displays from June to July.
Green
Purple/Lavender
< 1 inch
Flowers
The flower is less than .3 centimeters long. Each flower has 5 each of sepals, petals and stamens. Individual flowers are clustered into 8 cm long flat-topped flower heads, the middle flower of each compound umbel is stalkless. Flowers give way to 3 – 4 millimeter long, oblong, green fruit capsules slowly turn light purple in the autumn. Blooms from April to May.
Gold/Yellow
4-5 petals/rays
1-3 inches
Leaves
Leaves with finely serrated margins are lanceolate or ovate and up to 8 cm X 5 cm. Larger leaves usually have 1 or 2 sharp lobes. Lower leaves are twice or three times compound with long petioles, while the upper leaves are once compound with short petioles. The leaves slowly turn light purple in the autumn.
Green
Purple/Lavender
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Ovate
Lanceolate
1-3 inches
Whole Plant Traits
Perennial
Native Plant
Wildflower
Erect
Clumping
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasionally Wet
Occasionally Dry
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
3a
3b
Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Landscape
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Cottage Garden
Native Garden
Border
Mass Planting
Accent
Woodland
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Butterflies
Pollinators
Specialized Bees

Zizia aurea Attributes

Zizia aurea: Country Or Region Of Origin

Eastern North America

Zizia aurea: Distribution

Eastern Canada and USA

Zizia aurea: Wildlife Value

This plant attracts butterflies and bees.

Zizia aurea: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Zizia aurea: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Zizia aurea: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Zizia aurea Fruit

Zizia aurea: Fruit Description

Flowers give way to 3 – 4 millimeter long, oblong, green fruit capsules slowly turn light purple in the autumn. Displays from June to July.

Zizia aurea: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Zizia aurea: Fruit Color

grass
Green
grass
Purple/Lavender

Zizia aurea: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Zizia aurea: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Zizia aurea: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Zizia aurea Flowers

Zizia aurea: Flower Description

The flower is less than .3 centimeters long. Each flower has 5 each of sepals, petals and stamens. Individual flowers are clustered into 8 cm long flat-topped flower heads, the middle flower of each compound umbel is stalkless. Flowers give way to 3 – 4 millimeter long, oblong, green fruit capsules slowly turn light purple in the autumn. Blooms from April to May.

Zizia aurea: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow

Zizia aurea: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Zizia aurea: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Zizia aurea: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Zizia aurea: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Zizia aurea: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Zizia aurea Leaves

Zizia aurea: Leaf Description

Leaves with finely serrated margins are lanceolate or ovate and up to 8 cm X 5 cm. Larger leaves usually have 1 or 2 sharp lobes. Lower leaves are twice or three times compound with long petioles, while the upper leaves are once compound with short petioles. The leaves slowly turn light purple in the autumn.

Zizia aurea: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Zizia aurea: Leaf Color

spa
Green
spa
Purple/Lavender

Zizia aurea: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Zizia aurea: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Zizia aurea: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Zizia aurea: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Zizia aurea: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Zizia aurea: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Zizia aurea Whole Plant Traits

Zizia aurea: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Zizia aurea: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Zizia aurea: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Zizia aurea: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Zizia aurea: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Zizia aurea: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Zizia aurea Cultural Conditions

Zizia aurea: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Zizia aurea: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Zizia aurea: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Zizia aurea: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Zizia aurea: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
3a
thermostat
3b
thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b

Zizia aurea: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Zizia aurea Stem

Zizia aurea: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Zizia aurea Landscape

Zizia aurea: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Zizia aurea: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Zizia aurea: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Zizia aurea: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Zizia aurea: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees