• Photo of Alisma plantago-aquatica (Alisma plantago-aquaticas)

Plant Profile: Alisma plantago-aquatica

Taxonomy: Alisma plantago-aquatica

Names

European Water Plantain, Mad-Dog Weed, Water Plantain

  • Photo of Alisma plantago-aquatica (Alisma plantago-aquaticas)

Phonetic Spelling:uh-LISS-muh plan-TA-go a-KWA-tee-kuh

Genus:Alisma

Species:plantago-aquatica

Family:Alismataceae

This plant thrives best in shallow waters but can also adapt to depths of up to 18 inches. It is recommended to use a 1 to 2-gallon container for planting. It prefers full sun to partial shade but has the potential to become quite invasive in pond environments. You can find it growing in muddy areas or in the freshwater of lakes, rivers, and brackish bays, particularly along grazed shorelines, ditches, and ponds. Flowering begins in June and continues throughout the summer, although each flower has a brief lifespan.

Alisma plantago-aquatica Feature Summary

Alisma plantago-aquatica Image Gallery

Tags

#invasive
#weedy
#water plant
#wet sites
#dried flowers
#ponds

Similar Plants

Alisma plantago-aquatica Feature Summary

Attributes
Europe and Asia, Africa
Perennial
Fruit
The ripe achenes may float for several days dispersing long distances.
Flowers
Three round or slightly jagged, white, pink pale purple petals. The flowers open in the afternoon from June-September. There are 3 blunt green sepals, and 6 stamens per flower. Flowers in whorled groups forming a narrowing (cone-like) raceme.
Pink
Purple/Lavender
White
2-3 rays/petals
< 1 inch
Leaves
basal long stemmed leaves (3–10 in.) long. Blades ovate, with rounded or cordate bases. Submerged leaves may be strap-like.
Ovate
Linear
Oblong
3-6 inches
Whole Plant Traits
Herbaceous Perennial
Water Plant
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Frequent Standing Water
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
9a
9b
Landscape
Water Garden
Invasive Species

Alisma plantago-aquatica Attributes

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Country Or Region Of Origin

Europe and Asia, Africa

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Alisma plantago-aquatica Fruit

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Fruit Description

The ripe achenes may float for several days dispersing long distances.

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Alisma plantago-aquatica Flowers

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Flower Description

Three round or slightly jagged, white, pink pale purple petals. The flowers open in the afternoon from June-September. There are 3 blunt green sepals, and 6 stamens per flower. Flowers in whorled groups forming a narrowing (cone-like) raceme.

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Pink
filter_vintage
Purple/Lavender
filter_vintage
White

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Alisma plantago-aquatica Leaves

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Leaf Description

basal long stemmed leaves (3–10 in.) long. Blades ovate, with rounded or cordate bases. Submerged leaves may be strap-like.

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Alisma plantago-aquatica Stem

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Stem Description

Triangular

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Stem Color

grass
Green

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Alisma plantago-aquatica Whole Plant Traits

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Alisma plantago-aquatica Cultural Conditions

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Alisma plantago-aquatica: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Alisma plantago-aquatica Landscape

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Alisma plantago-aquatica: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy