• Photo of Cladrastis kentukea (Cladrastis kentukeas)

Plant Profile: Cladrastis kentukea

Taxonomy: Cladrastis kentukea

Names

Yellowwood

  • Photo of Cladrastis kentukea (Cladrastis kentukeas)

Phonetic Spelling:klah-DRAS-tis ken-TUK-ee-ah

Genus:Cladrastis

Species:kentukea

Family:Fabaceae

Yellowwood is a native tree characterized by its elegant, wide-spreading crown, offering visual appeal across three seasons. In spring, it showcases clusters of flowers that give way to yellow-brown fruits, while its foliage transforms into vibrant yellow-orange hues during the fall. The tree's smooth gray bark provides additional interest throughout the winter months. Although its deep root system complicates transplanting, it creates a suitable environment for shade-loving plants to thrive beneath it, making Yellowwood an excellent choice for a shade tree.

For optimal growth, plant it in moderately moist garden soil and shield it from winter winds to prevent branch damage. Once established, the tree exhibits drought resistance. Regular corrective pruning is often required to remove weak branch forks, and it is advisable to prune only during the summer months to avoid sap bleeding.

Cladrastis kentukea Feature Summary

Cladrastis kentukea Image Gallery

Tags

#fragrant
#deciduous
#fall color
#yellow
#shade tree
#full sun tolerant
#fragrant flowers
#drought tolerant
#orange
#interesting bark
#wildlife plant
#native tree
#low maintenance
#winter interest
#fall interest
#playground
#smooth bark
#children's garden
#native garden
#seed pods
#pollinator plant
#Braham Arboretum
#food source summer
#food source nectar
#food source pollen
#urban conditions tolerant
#bird friendly
#food source hard mast fruit
#bee friendly
#audubon

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Cladrastis kentukea Feature Summary

Attributes
This wood was used by the Cherokee for carving as well as building structures.
Eastern North America
AL , AR , CT , GA , IL , IN , KY , LA , MA , ME , MO , MS , NC , NY , OH , OK , PA , RI , SC , TN
Attracts birds.
Tolerates high pH and dry soil; No significant insect or disease problems.
Fragrance
Wildlife Food Source
Shade
Fruit
2.5-4 inch long flat yellow-brown seed pods. Displays from July to August.
Green
Brown/Copper
Gold/Yellow
> 3 inches
Flowers
Up to 12 inch long panicles of white, fragrant, pendulous, blooms in late spring or early summer and often blooms only every 2-3 years. Individual flowers are about 1 inch and pea-like in shape. Blooms from April to May.
Spring
Summer
< 1 inch
Leaves
This tree has 8-12 inches long pinnately compound leaves. Each branch has 7-9 leaflets. The leaves have a yellow/ orange fall color.
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Ovate
Obovate
> 6 inches
Bark
On old trees, trunk bark is light gray and pebbly, while on young trees it is light gray and smooth. The bark adds winter interest.
Light Gray
Stem
Twigs are light gray or brown and covered with scattered white lenticels.
Smooth (glabrous)
Whole Plant Traits
Tree
Native Plant
Rounded
Erect
Spreading
Vase
Broad
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape
Pollinator Garden
Children's Garden
Winter Garden
Native Garden
Shade Tree
Drought
Insect Pests
Urban Conditions
Dry Soil
Diseases
Recreational Play Area
Woodland
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Pollinators
Songbirds
Bees

Cladrastis kentukea Attributes

Cladrastis kentukea: Uses (Ethnobotany)

This wood was used by the Cherokee for carving as well as building structures.

Cladrastis kentukea: Country Or Region Of Origin

Eastern North America

Cladrastis kentukea: Distribution

AL , AR , CT , GA , IL , IN , KY , LA , MA , ME , MO , MS , NC , NY , OH , OK , PA , RI , SC , TN

Cladrastis kentukea: Wildlife Value

Attracts birds.

Cladrastis kentukea: Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems)

Tolerates high pH and dry soil; No significant insect or disease problems.

Cladrastis kentukea: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Cladrastis kentukea: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Cladrastis kentukea Fruit

Cladrastis kentukea: Fruit Description

2.5-4 inch long flat yellow-brown seed pods. Displays from July to August.

Cladrastis kentukea: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Cladrastis kentukea: Fruit Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Gold/Yellow
grass
Green

Cladrastis kentukea: Fruit Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Cladrastis kentukea: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Cladrastis kentukea: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Cladrastis kentukea Flowers

Cladrastis kentukea: Flower Description

Up to 12 inch long panicles of white, fragrant, pendulous, blooms in late spring or early summer and often blooms only every 2-3 years. Individual flowers are about 1 inch and pea-like in shape. Blooms from April to May.

Cladrastis kentukea: Flower Color

filter_vintage
White

Cladrastis kentukea: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Cladrastis kentukea: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Cladrastis kentukea: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Cladrastis kentukea: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Cladrastis kentukea: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Cladrastis kentukea Leaves

Cladrastis kentukea: Leaf Description

This tree has 8-12 inches long pinnately compound leaves. Each branch has 7-9 leaflets. The leaves have a yellow/ orange fall color.

Cladrastis kentukea: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Cladrastis kentukea: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Cladrastis kentukea: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Gold/Yellow
spa
Orange

Cladrastis kentukea: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Cladrastis kentukea: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Cladrastis kentukea: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Cladrastis kentukea: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Cladrastis kentukea: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Cladrastis kentukea: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Cladrastis kentukea Bark

Cladrastis kentukea: Bark Description

On old trees, trunk bark is light gray and pebbly, while on young trees it is light gray and smooth. The bark adds winter interest.

Cladrastis kentukea: Bark Color

grass
Light Gray

Cladrastis kentukea: Surface/Attachment

Bumpy
Exfoliating
Fissured
Furrowed
Lenticels
Papery
Patchy
Peeling
Ridges
Scaly
Shaggy
Shiny
Shredding
Smooth
Spongy

Cladrastis kentukea Stem

Cladrastis kentukea: Stem Description

Twigs are light gray or brown and covered with scattered white lenticels.

Cladrastis kentukea: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Cladrastis kentukea: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Cladrastis kentukea Whole Plant Traits

Cladrastis kentukea: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Cladrastis kentukea: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Cladrastis kentukea: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Cladrastis kentukea: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Cladrastis kentukea: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Cladrastis kentukea: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Cladrastis kentukea Cultural Conditions

Cladrastis kentukea: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Cladrastis kentukea: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Cladrastis kentukea: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Cladrastis kentukea: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Cladrastis kentukea: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b

Cladrastis kentukea: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Cladrastis kentukea Landscape

Cladrastis kentukea: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Cladrastis kentukea: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Cladrastis kentukea: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Cladrastis kentukea: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Cladrastis kentukea: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees