Plant Profile: Cynodon dactylon

Cynodon dactylon, commonly known as Bermuda grass, is a perennial turf grass that thrives in warm seasons and does not produce flowers. However, it can also be classified as a perennial weed when it appears in unwanted areas. This grass features a mat-forming growth habit and has a medium to fine texture, making it ideal for lawns and public spaces. Bermuda grass propagates through rhizomes, stolons, and seeds, and it is adaptable to various soil types with a pH range of 5.0 to 8.5. Its growth is vigorous.

Optimal growth conditions for Bermuda grass include average, well-drained soil that is dry to medium in moisture, along with full sunlight and warm temperatures. It struggles in shaded environments but is resilient to heat and drought. For maintenance as a turfgrass, it is recommended to mow regularly to a height between ¾ inch and 1.5 inches, fertilize during the growing season from May to August, and implement soil barriers to limit its spread into neighboring areas. Some winter dieback may occur when temperatures fall below 10 degrees Fahrenheit, and regular dethatching is necessary.

Bermuda grass is frequently utilized on athletic fields and golf course fairways due to its ability to withstand heavy foot traffic and its quick recovery rate. In certain turf environments, it can be highly invasive and challenging to manage. For guidance on cultural and chemical control methods, consult TurfFiles.

Regarding pests and diseases, Bermuda grass generally faces no significant issues. The most prevalent insect threat is white grubs, while other pests of concern include sod webworms, cutworms, armyworms, nematodes, and mole crickets. Additionally, keep an eye out for mites. It is important to note that Bermuda grass can be toxic to livestock and, due to its high pollen production, may contribute to hay fever symptoms.