Plant Profile: Euonymus maackii

Names

Winterberry Euonymus

  • Photo of Euonymus maackii (Euonymus maackiis)

Phonetic Spelling:yoo-ON-ih-mus MAK-ee-eye

Genus:Euonymus

Species:maackii

Family:Celastraceae

This winter-hardy deciduous plant can be cultivated as either a shrub, with extensive pruning, or as a small tree. It has the potential to reach heights and widths of up to 25 feet, so it's important to choose a location that can accommodate its mature dimensions. This plant serves various purposes, including as a specimen, a windbreak, for hillside stabilization, at site entrances, in large native areas, or within commercial and industrial parks. The fall foliage may exhibit muted colors, often falling within the yellow-brown spectrum, depending on the environment. In certain regions of North Carolina, particularly near roadsides or woodlands, the tree's offshoots can encroach into unwanted areas if left unattended. Additionally, this tree is semi-evergreen, as it tends to shed its leaves late in the season, often just a few weeks before new spring growth begins.

It is important to note that this plant possesses toxic properties. Illness can occur only after consuming large amounts of any part of the shrub or tree. For further details, please refer to the information on Euonymus.

Euonymus maackii Feature Summary

Euonymus maackii Image Gallery

Tags

#evergreen
#hardy
#deciduous
#fall color
#small tree
#understory
#poisonous
#full sun tolerant
#fall interest
#year-round interest
#seed pods
#bird friendly
#partial shade tolerant

Similar Plants

Euonymus maackii Feature Summary

Attributes
South East Siberia to China to Japan
Throughout south, southeast
Not for humans.
Fruit
Capsules open to 4 lobed bright red seeds.
Capsule
Berry
Red/Burgundy
Flowers
The flower is a small inconspicuous 0.3 in. yellowish-green color blooming in mid-spring. The capsule holding the berry is pink and seeds are in the pink orange range.
Pink
White
Gold/Yellow
Green
Orange
4-5 petals/rays
< 1 inch
Leaves
Leaf is 2 to 4 inches long and spherical in shape. It is a light to medium green and turns color in the fall to pinkish or yellow or brown. Sometimes red.
Brown/Copper
Gold/Yellow
Pink
Elliptical
1-3 inches
Bark
High corky ridges.
Poisonous to Humans
Through ingestion. Poisonous symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, weakness, chills, and coma. TOXIC ONLY IF LARGE QUANTITIES EATEN. Ingesting large amounts of any part of the plant can result in poisoning. CHILDREN may be attracted to fruits in fall. No part of this plant is edible, including seeds.
Unidentified, possibly a glycoside
Leaves
Flowers
Bark
Fruits
Roots
Whole Plant Traits
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Good Drainage
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
Landscape
Drought Tolerant Garden
Winter Garden
Border
Hedge
Mass Planting
Specimen
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Slope/Bank
Poisonous to Humans

Euonymus maackii Attributes

Euonymus maackii: Country Or Region Of Origin

South East Siberia to China to Japan

Euonymus maackii: Distribution

Throughout south, southeast

Euonymus maackii: Wildlife Value

Birds

Euonymus maackii: Edibility

Not for humans.

Euonymus maackii: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Euonymus maackii Fruit

Euonymus maackii: Fruit Description

Capsules open to 4 lobed bright red seeds.

Euonymus maackii: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Euonymus maackii: Fruit Color

grass
Red/Burgundy

Euonymus maackii: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Euonymus maackii Flowers

Euonymus maackii: Flower Description

The flower is a small inconspicuous 0.3 in. yellowish-green color blooming in mid-spring. The capsule holding the berry is pink and seeds are in the pink orange range.

Euonymus maackii: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow
filter_vintage
Green
filter_vintage
Orange
filter_vintage
Pink
filter_vintage
White

Euonymus maackii: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Euonymus maackii: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Euonymus maackii: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Euonymus maackii Leaves

Euonymus maackii: Leaf Description

Leaf is 2 to 4 inches long and spherical in shape. It is a light to medium green and turns color in the fall to pinkish or yellow or brown. Sometimes red.

Euonymus maackii: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Euonymus maackii: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Euonymus maackii: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Brown/Copper
spa
Gold/Yellow
spa
Pink

Euonymus maackii: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Euonymus maackii: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Euonymus maackii: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Euonymus maackii: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Euonymus maackii: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Euonymus maackii: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Euonymus maackii Bark

Euonymus maackii: Bark Description

High corky ridges.

Euonymus maackii Poisonous to Humans

Euonymus maackii: Poison Symptoms

Through ingestion. Poisonous symptoms: abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, convulsions, weakness, chills, and coma. TOXIC ONLY IF LARGE QUANTITIES EATEN. Ingesting large amounts of any part of the plant can result in poisoning. CHILDREN may be attracted to fruits in fall. No part of this plant is edible, including seeds.

Euonymus maackii: Poison Toxic Principle

Unidentified, possibly a glycoside

Euonymus maackii: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Euonymus maackii: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Euonymus maackii: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Euonymus maackii Whole Plant Traits

Euonymus maackii: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Euonymus maackii: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Euonymus maackii: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Euonymus maackii: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Euonymus maackii: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Euonymus maackii Cultural Conditions

Euonymus maackii: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Euonymus maackii: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Euonymus maackii: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Euonymus maackii: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Euonymus maackii: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b

Euonymus maackii Stem

Euonymus maackii: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Euonymus maackii Landscape

Euonymus maackii: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Euonymus maackii: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Euonymus maackii: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Euonymus maackii: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy