• Photo of Gentiana catesbaei (Gentiana catesbaeis)

Plant Profile: Gentiana catesbaei

Taxonomy: Gentiana catesbaei

Names

American Gentian, Bottle Gentain, Catesby's Gentian, Coastal Plain Gentain, Elliot's Gentian

  • Photo of Gentiana catesbaei (Gentiana catesbaeis)

Phonetic Spelling:jen-shee-AN-uh KAYTS-bee-eye

Genus:Gentiana

Species:catesbaei

Family:Gentianaceae

The Coastal Plain Gentian is a native perennial wildflower that thrives in wetland regions stretching from Pennsylvania to Florida. In North Carolina, it can be spotted in pocosins, along the moist edges of longleaf pine savannas, at the fringes of damp hardwood forests, and in bluff seepage areas, primarily within the coastal plains. Its striking blue flowers bloom in clusters during the fall, often causing the stems to bend under their own weight.

This species favors consistently moist, nutrient-rich soil and thrives in conditions ranging from partial sun to partial shade. It commonly grows near bogs and ponds, where it attracts hummingbirds.

Gentiana catesbaei Feature Summary

Gentiana catesbaei Image Gallery

Tags

#hummingbirds
#native perennial
#blue flowers
#NC native
#pollinator plant
#food source fall
#Coastal OBL
#food source nectar
#food source pollen
#Piedmont Mountains OBL
#bee friendly
#audubon

Similar Plants

Gentiana catesbaei Feature Summary

Attributes
Used medicinally by Native Americans
AL , DE , FL , GA , MD , NC , NJ , PA , SC , VA
This plant attracts hummingbirds, bees, and other pollinators.
Perennial
Fruit
Fruit displays from October to December.
Flowers
Flowers are stemless in clusters of 1-6 flowers. The calyx is green in color, with lobes longer than the tube. The corolla is funnel-shaped and dark to light blue in color. Some flowers are almost white. The corolla lobes part only slightly to moderately at the apex. Blooms Sept. to Nov.
White
Blue
Leaves
Dark green leaves are opposite, sessile or short stems, elliptic to lanceolate, margins entire to finely toothed. 1-3 inches long.
Elliptical
Lanceolate
1-3 inches
Stem
Stems are from 6-12 inches long, unbranched, hairy, often declining.
Hairy (pubescent)
Whole Plant Traits
Perennial
Native Plant
Wildflower
Erect
Prostrate
Cultural Conditions
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasionally Wet
Coastal
High Organic Matter
Landscape
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Native Garden
Water Garden
Pollinators
Bees
Hummingbirds

Gentiana catesbaei Attributes

Gentiana catesbaei: Uses (Ethnobotany)

Used medicinally by Native Americans

Gentiana catesbaei: Country Or Region Of Origin

Eastern U.S.A.

Gentiana catesbaei: Distribution

AL , DE , FL , GA , MD , NC , NJ , PA , SC , VA

Gentiana catesbaei: Wildlife Value

This plant attracts hummingbirds, bees, and other pollinators.

Gentiana catesbaei: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Gentiana catesbaei Fruit

Gentiana catesbaei: Fruit Description

Fruit displays from October to December.

Gentiana catesbaei: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Gentiana catesbaei: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Gentiana catesbaei Flowers

Gentiana catesbaei: Flower Description

Flowers are stemless in clusters of 1-6 flowers. The calyx is green in color, with lobes longer than the tube. The corolla is funnel-shaped and dark to light blue in color. Some flowers are almost white. The corolla lobes part only slightly to moderately at the apex. Blooms Sept. to Nov.

Gentiana catesbaei: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Blue
filter_vintage
White

Gentiana catesbaei: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Gentiana catesbaei: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Gentiana catesbaei: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Gentiana catesbaei: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Gentiana catesbaei Leaves

Gentiana catesbaei: Leaf Description

Dark green leaves are opposite, sessile or short stems, elliptic to lanceolate, margins entire to finely toothed. 1-3 inches long.

Gentiana catesbaei: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Gentiana catesbaei: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Gentiana catesbaei: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Gentiana catesbaei: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Gentiana catesbaei: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Gentiana catesbaei: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Gentiana catesbaei: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Gentiana catesbaei Stem

Gentiana catesbaei: Stem Description

Stems are from 6-12 inches long, unbranched, hairy, often declining.

Gentiana catesbaei: Stem Color

grass
Green

Gentiana catesbaei: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Gentiana catesbaei: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Gentiana catesbaei Whole Plant Traits

Gentiana catesbaei: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Gentiana catesbaei: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Gentiana catesbaei: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Gentiana catesbaei Cultural Conditions

Gentiana catesbaei: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Gentiana catesbaei: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Gentiana catesbaei: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Gentiana catesbaei: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
6a
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Gentiana catesbaei: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Gentiana catesbaei Landscape

Gentiana catesbaei: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Gentiana catesbaei: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Gentiana catesbaei: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Gentiana catesbaei: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees