• Photo of Kalmia angustifolia (Kalmia angustifolias)

Plant Profile: Kalmia angustifolia

Taxonomy: Kalmia angustifolia

Names

Lambkill, Northern Sheepkill, Sheep Laurel, Wicky

  • Photo of Kalmia angustifolia (Kalmia angustifolias)

Phonetic Spelling:KAL-mee-ah an-gus-tih-FOH-lee-ah

Genus:Kalmia

Species:angustifolia

Family:Ericaceae

Sheep Laurel is a perennial flowering shrub belonging to the heath family, indigenous to North America, ranging from Canada down to Virginia, where it thrives in damp bogs and swamps. This shrub can reach heights of up to 3 feet and spread as wide as 6 feet, creating a dense ground cover. During the summer, it produces clusters of pink flowers that bloom beneath the foliage. However, it poses a risk to grazing animals due to its toxic properties.

When cultivated, Sheep Laurel thrives in partial sunlight and prefers moist, acidic soils. It is advisable to avoid planting it in exposed, windy locations. This plant is suitable for naturalized landscapes, as well as for use in foundation plantings or woodland gardens. It may also adapt well to mountainous regions in the southern states. The variety known as Carolina is specifically found in the coastal and mountainous areas of North Carolina.

Kalmia angustifolia Feature Summary

Kalmia angustifolia Image Gallery

Tags

#evergreen
#small mammals
#NC native
#pollinator plant
#larval host plant
#food source fall
#food source herbage
#food source nectar
#food source pollen
#coastal FAC
#Piedmont Mountains FAC
#bird friendly
#food source hard mast fruit
#butterfly friendly
#problem for cats
#problem for dogs
#problem for horses
#audubon

Similar Plants

Kalmia angustifolia Feature Summary

Attributes
Eastern Canada to Eastern U.S.A
CT, DC, DE, MA, MD, ME, MI, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VA, VT, WV Canada: MB, NB, NS, PE
Grouse and other birds forage the leaves
Perennial
Fruit
Small dehiscent capsule with many seeds displays from September to October
Brown/Copper
Cream/Tan
Flowers
3/8 inch rose-pink to purplish crimson bell-shaped flowers scatted along the stem in clusters from April to June.
Pink
Purple/Lavender
Red/Burgundy
Leaves
Oval blue-green leaves with paler undersides. Turn reddish-green to purple in fall
Green
Blue
Purple/Lavender
Red/Burgundy
Opposite
Whorled
Elliptical
Glossy
Leathery
Bark
Brown gnarled trunks
Dark Brown
Stem
Smooth brown stems
Brown/Copper
Smooth (glabrous)
Poisonous to Humans
May be fatal If eaten in large quantities. Salivation, watering of eyes and nose, slow pulse, nausea, vomiting, sweating, abdominal pain, headache, tingling of skin, lack of coordination, convulsions, and paralysis, diarrhea, weakness, cardiac failure.
Andromedotoxin, a resinoid; arbutin, a glycoside, Grayanotoxin
Seeds
Leaves
Stems
Flowers
Fruits
Whole Plant Traits
Native Plant
Rounded
Spreading
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Moist
Occasionally Dry
Coastal
Landscape
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Butterflies
Pollinators
Songbirds
Small Mammals
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses

Kalmia angustifolia Attributes

Kalmia angustifolia: Country Or Region Of Origin

Eastern Canada to Eastern U.S.A

Kalmia angustifolia: Distribution

CT, DC, DE, MA, MD, ME, MI, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, VA, VT, WV Canada: MB, NB, NS, PE

Kalmia angustifolia: Wildlife Value

Grouse and other birds forage the leaves

Kalmia angustifolia: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Kalmia angustifolia Fruit

Kalmia angustifolia: Fruit Description

Small dehiscent capsule with many seeds displays from September to October

Kalmia angustifolia: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Kalmia angustifolia: Fruit Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Cream/Tan

Kalmia angustifolia: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Kalmia angustifolia Flowers

Kalmia angustifolia: Flower Description

3/8 inch rose-pink to purplish crimson bell-shaped flowers scatted along the stem in clusters from April to June.

Kalmia angustifolia: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Pink
filter_vintage
Purple/Lavender
filter_vintage
Red/Burgundy

Kalmia angustifolia: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Kalmia angustifolia: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Kalmia angustifolia: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Kalmia angustifolia Leaves

Kalmia angustifolia: Leaf Description

Oval blue-green leaves with paler undersides. Turn reddish-green to purple in fall

Kalmia angustifolia: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Kalmia angustifolia: Leaf Color

spa
Blue
spa
Green

Kalmia angustifolia: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Purple/Lavender
spa
Red/Burgundy

Kalmia angustifolia: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Kalmia angustifolia: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Kalmia angustifolia: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Kalmia angustifolia: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Kalmia angustifolia: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Kalmia angustifolia: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Kalmia angustifolia Bark

Kalmia angustifolia: Bark Description

Brown gnarled trunks

Kalmia angustifolia: Bark Color

grass
Dark Brown

Kalmia angustifolia Stem

Kalmia angustifolia: Stem Description

Smooth brown stems

Kalmia angustifolia: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper

Kalmia angustifolia: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Kalmia angustifolia: Stem Cross Section

Angular
Oval
Round
Square

Kalmia angustifolia: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Kalmia angustifolia Poisonous to Humans

Kalmia angustifolia: Poison Symptoms

May be fatal If eaten in large quantities. Salivation, watering of eyes and nose, slow pulse, nausea, vomiting, sweating, abdominal pain, headache, tingling of skin, lack of coordination, convulsions, and paralysis, diarrhea, weakness, cardiac failure.

Kalmia angustifolia: Poison Toxic Principle

Andromedotoxin, a resinoid; arbutin, a glycoside, Grayanotoxin

Kalmia angustifolia: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Kalmia angustifolia: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Kalmia angustifolia: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Kalmia angustifolia Whole Plant Traits

Kalmia angustifolia: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Kalmia angustifolia: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Kalmia angustifolia: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Kalmia angustifolia: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Kalmia angustifolia: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Kalmia angustifolia Cultural Conditions

Kalmia angustifolia: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Kalmia angustifolia: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Kalmia angustifolia: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Kalmia angustifolia: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Kalmia angustifolia: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b

Kalmia angustifolia Landscape

Kalmia angustifolia: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Kalmia angustifolia: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Kalmia angustifolia: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy