• Photo of Mirabilis jalapa (Mirabilis jalapas)

Plant Profile: Mirabilis jalapa

Taxonomy: Mirabilis jalapa

Names

Four-o'clock, Marvel-of-Peru

  • Photo of Mirabilis jalapa (Mirabilis jalapas)

Phonetic Spelling:mih-RAB-ih-liss jah-LAHP-ah

Genus:Mirabilis

Species:jalapa

Family:Nyctaginaceae

Mirabilis jalapa can be cultivated as an annual throughout North Carolina, although it tends to thrive as a perennial in warm, sheltered coastal gardens. Mature plants develop sizable, tuberous roots resembling potatoes, and their aromatic flowers bloom in the late afternoon, typically around four or five o'clock, attracting pollinators such as hummingbirds and moths.

Ingestion of this plant results in only mild toxicity, while any skin irritation experienced is generally minor and lasts just a few minutes.

Mirabilis jalapa Feature Summary

Mirabilis jalapa Image Gallery

Tags

#purple
#red
#yellow
#poisonous
#full sun tolerant
#annual
#drought tolerant
#mahogany
#pink flowers
#fall interest
#summer flowers
#stripes
#spring interest
#partial shade tolerant
#stormwater demo garden orange co

Similar Plants

Mirabilis jalapa Feature Summary

Attributes
Mexico to Central America
pollinated by hummingbirds and moths
Perennial
Annual
Wildlife Food Source
Fruit
fruit leathery, 5-ribbed
Flowers
flowers opening late in the afternoon or in very cloudy weather, white to red, yellow or striped, tubular and trumpet-like, 5-lobed
Pink
Purple/Lavender
White
Gold/Yellow
Brown/Copper
Variegated
Spring
Summer
Fall
4-5 petals/rays
Tubular
Trumpet
Poisonous to Humans
Stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; handling of the roots may cause dermatitis
Seeds
Roots
Whole Plant Traits
Perennial
Annual
Poisonous
Multi-stemmed
Erect
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Occasionally Wet
Coastal
Landscape
Pollinator Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pool/Hardscape
Songbirds
Hummingbirds
Poisonous to Humans

Mirabilis jalapa Attributes

Mirabilis jalapa: Country Or Region Of Origin

Mexico to Central America

Mirabilis jalapa: Wildlife Value

pollinated by hummingbirds and moths

Mirabilis jalapa: Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems)

Moderate drought tolerance.

Mirabilis jalapa: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Mirabilis jalapa: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Mirabilis jalapa: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Mirabilis jalapa Fruit

Mirabilis jalapa: Fruit Description

fruit leathery, 5-ribbed

Mirabilis jalapa Flowers

Mirabilis jalapa: Flower Description

flowers opening late in the afternoon or in very cloudy weather, white to red, yellow or striped, tubular and trumpet-like, 5-lobed

Mirabilis jalapa: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Brown/Copper
filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow
filter_vintage
Pink
filter_vintage
Purple/Lavender
filter_vintage
Variegated
filter_vintage
White

Mirabilis jalapa: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Mirabilis jalapa: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Mirabilis jalapa: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Mirabilis jalapa: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Mirabilis jalapa Poisonous to Humans

Mirabilis jalapa: Poison Symptoms

Stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; handling of the roots may cause dermatitis

Mirabilis jalapa: Poison Toxic Principle

Unknown

Mirabilis jalapa: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Mirabilis jalapa: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Mirabilis jalapa: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Mirabilis jalapa Whole Plant Traits

Mirabilis jalapa: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Mirabilis jalapa: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Mirabilis jalapa: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Mirabilis jalapa Cultural Conditions

Mirabilis jalapa: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Mirabilis jalapa: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Mirabilis jalapa: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Mirabilis jalapa: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Mirabilis jalapa: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
10a
thermostat
10b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Mirabilis jalapa Leaves

Mirabilis jalapa: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Mirabilis jalapa: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Mirabilis jalapa: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Mirabilis jalapa: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Mirabilis jalapa: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Mirabilis jalapa Stem

Mirabilis jalapa: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Mirabilis jalapa Landscape

Mirabilis jalapa: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Mirabilis jalapa: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Mirabilis jalapa: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Mirabilis jalapa: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Mirabilis jalapa: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy