Plant Profile: Physalis heterophylla

Taxonomy: Physalis heterophylla

Names

Clammy Ground Cherry

  • Photo of Physalis heterophylla (Physalis heterophyllas)

Phonetic Spelling:

Genus:Physalis

Species:heterophylla

Family:Solanaceae

Clammy Goundcherry is a perennial herb that originates from North America and belongs to the Solanaceae family, commonly known as the nightshade family. Its most distinctive feature is the glandular hairs covering its stem and leaves, along with thick rhizomes that extend horizontally from the main stem. There are four recognized varieties, which differ in the patterns of leaf venation and their edges.

This plant typically thrives in environments that range from slightly moist to dry, often found in loamy, sandy, or rocky soils, as well as in disturbed areas that receive full to partial sunlight. Due to the high levels of solanum present in its leaves and unripe fruit, most herbivores tend to avoid consuming it; however, it has been known to cause poisoning in cattle.

Physalis heterophylla Feature Summary

Physalis heterophylla Image Gallery

Tags

#poisonous
#drought tolerant
#perennial
#nectar plant
#deer resistant
#edible fruits
#pollinator plant
#native wildflower
#naturalized area
#problem for horses

Similar Plants

Physalis heterophylla Feature Summary

Attributes
AL , AR , AZ , CO , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , IA , ID , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , MO , MS , MT , NC , ND , NE , NH , NJ , NY , OH , OK , OR , PA , RI , SC , SD , TN , TX , UT , VA , VT , WA , WI , WV , WY Canada: MB , ON , PE , QC , SK
Various upland gamebirds and small mammals eat the mature fruit. Bees will visit the flowers.
The fruit is bitter but edible when mature
Perennial
Fruit
After flowering, the hairy sepals elongated and fuse to become a lantern-shaped husk containing a single 1/3- 1/2 inch fruit that has several seeds. They are green initially but become yellow at maturity.
Green
Gold/Yellow
< 1 inch
Flowers
Funnel-shaped drooping flowers with 5 fused petals emerge singly from leaf axils and are yellow on the outside and yellow on the inside with purplish markings starting at the base of the petal. There are 5 sepals and 5 stamens with yellow anthers and purple filaments. The calyx and stem are covered in fine white hairs. Each flower is 3/4- 1 inch wide and blooms occur in summer for about 2 months.
Purple/Lavender
Gold/Yellow
4-5 petals/rays
fused petals
< 1 inch
Leaves
Hairy simple, alternate heart-shaped to broadly lanceolate leaves 4" long and 3" wide with dentate, entire or undulate margins. Base is rounded to heart-shaped and tip is pointed.
Cordate
Lanceolate
Dentate
Undulate
3-6 inches
1-3 inches
Stem
Hairy green round stems
Hairy (pubescent)
Poisonous to Humans
May be Fatal if eaten. Symptoms include headache, stomach pain, lowered temperature, dilated pupils, vomiting, diarrhea, circulatory and respiratory depression, loss of sensation.
Solanine and other solanidine alkaloids
Leaves
Fruits
Whole Plant Traits
Perennial
Native Plant
Poisonous
Erect
Ascending
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Good Drainage
Occasionally Dry
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
9a
9b
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky
Landscape
Native Garden
Naturalized Area
Songbirds
Bees
Small Mammals
Problem for Horses

Physalis heterophylla Attributes

Physalis heterophylla: Country Or Region Of Origin

North America

Physalis heterophylla: Distribution

AL , AR , AZ , CO , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , IA , ID , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , MO , MS , MT , NC , ND , NE , NH , NJ , NY , OH , OK , OR , PA , RI , SC , SD , TN , TX , UT , VA , VT , WA , WI , WV , WY Canada: MB , ON , PE , QC , SK

Physalis heterophylla: Wildlife Value

Various upland gamebirds and small mammals eat the mature fruit. Bees will visit the flowers.

Physalis heterophylla: Edibility

The fruit is bitter but edible when mature

Physalis heterophylla: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Physalis heterophylla: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Physalis heterophylla Fruit

Physalis heterophylla: Fruit Description

After flowering, the hairy sepals elongated and fuse to become a lantern-shaped husk containing a single 1/3- 1/2 inch fruit that has several seeds. They are green initially but become yellow at maturity.

Physalis heterophylla: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Physalis heterophylla: Fruit Color

grass
Gold/Yellow
grass
Green

Physalis heterophylla: Fruit Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Physalis heterophylla: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Physalis heterophylla: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Physalis heterophylla: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Physalis heterophylla Flowers

Physalis heterophylla: Flower Description

Funnel-shaped drooping flowers with 5 fused petals emerge singly from leaf axils and are yellow on the outside and yellow on the inside with purplish markings starting at the base of the petal. There are 5 sepals and 5 stamens with yellow anthers and purple filaments. The calyx and stem are covered in fine white hairs. Each flower is 3/4- 1 inch wide and blooms occur in summer for about 2 months.

Physalis heterophylla: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow
filter_vintage
Purple/Lavender

Physalis heterophylla: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Physalis heterophylla: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Physalis heterophylla: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Physalis heterophylla: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Physalis heterophylla: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Physalis heterophylla Leaves

Physalis heterophylla: Leaf Description

Hairy simple, alternate heart-shaped to broadly lanceolate leaves 4" long and 3" wide with dentate, entire or undulate margins. Base is rounded to heart-shaped and tip is pointed.

Physalis heterophylla: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Physalis heterophylla: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Physalis heterophylla: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Physalis heterophylla: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Physalis heterophylla: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Physalis heterophylla: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Physalis heterophylla: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Physalis heterophylla: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Physalis heterophylla Stem

Physalis heterophylla: Stem Description

Hairy green round stems

Physalis heterophylla: Stem Color

grass
Green

Physalis heterophylla: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Physalis heterophylla: Stem Cross Section

Angular
Oval
Round
Square

Physalis heterophylla: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Physalis heterophylla Poisonous to Humans

Physalis heterophylla: Poison Symptoms

May be Fatal if eaten. Symptoms include headache, stomach pain, lowered temperature, dilated pupils, vomiting, diarrhea, circulatory and respiratory depression, loss of sensation.

Physalis heterophylla: Poison Toxic Principle

Solanine and other solanidine alkaloids

Physalis heterophylla: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Physalis heterophylla: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Physalis heterophylla: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Physalis heterophylla Whole Plant Traits

Physalis heterophylla: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Physalis heterophylla: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Physalis heterophylla: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Physalis heterophylla: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Physalis heterophylla: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Physalis heterophylla Cultural Conditions

Physalis heterophylla: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Physalis heterophylla: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Physalis heterophylla: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Physalis heterophylla: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Physalis heterophylla: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Physalis heterophylla Landscape

Physalis heterophylla: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Physalis heterophylla: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Physalis heterophylla: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Physalis heterophylla: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Physalis heterophylla: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy