Quercus georgiana: Country Or Region Of Origin
North Carolina to Northern Alabama
Plant Profile: Quercus georgiana
Taxonomy: Quercus georgianaNames
Georgia Oak, Oaks, Stone Mountain Oak
Phonetic Spelling:KWER-kus jorj-ee-AH-nah
Genus:Quercus
Species:georgiana
Family:Fagaceae
The Georgia oak is a unique species of deciduous red oak indigenous to the southeastern region of the United States. In its natural habitat, it typically grows in a shrubby form, reaching heights of up to 50 feet. This tree thrives on dry granite and sandstone slopes, found at elevations ranging from 160 to 1,640 feet. In certain locations, it is classified as endangered.
This oak variety is adaptable to different soil types, provided they are well-drained, and it flourishes best in full sunlight. It serves as an excellent shade tree for smaller yards.
Quercus georgiana Feature Summary
Quercus georgiana Image Gallery
Tags
#evergreen
#deciduous
#fall color
#shade tree
#full sun tolerant
#wildlife plant
#moths
#tree
#endangered
#NC native
#deer resistant
#acorns
#nighttime garden
#mountains
#oak
#larval host plant
#butterfly friendly
#moth larvae
#pollinator garden
#problem for horses
#banded hairstreak butterfly
#gray hairstreak butterfly
#imperial moth
#juvenal’s duskywing butterfly
#edward’s hairstreak butterfly
#white-m hairstreak butterfly
#horace’s duskywing butterfly
Similar Plants
Quercus georgiana Feature Summary
Attributes
North Carolina to Northern Alabama
AL , GA , SC, NC
Oak trees support a wide variety of Lepidopteran. You may see Imperial Moth (Eacles imperialis) larvae which have one brood per season and appear from April-October in the south. Adult Imperial Moths do not feed. Banded Hairstreak (Satyrium calanus), which have one flight from June-August everywhere but Florida where they emerge April-May. Edward's Hairstreak (Satyrium edwardsii), has one flight from May-July in the south and June-July in the north. Gray Hairstreak (Strymon melinus), has three to four flights in the south from February-November and two flights in the north from May-September. White-M Hairstreak (Parrhasius m-album) has three broods in the north from February-October. Horace’s Duskywing (Erynnis horatius) has three broods in Texas and the deep south from January-November, and two broods in the north from April-September. Juvenal’s Duskywing (Erynnis juvenalis) has one brood from April-June, appearing as early as January in Florida. Mildly resistant to damage by deer. Acorns are a favorite of quail, turkey and songbirds
Acorns are edible once the tannin has been boiled or leached out.
Perennial
Woody
Wildlife Food Source
Fruit
Acorns are brown and rounded, appearing singular or in pairs. Cap is shallow and scaly. It takes 2 years to mature.
Nut
Brown/Copper
< 1 inch
Flowers
Pollen flowers in drooping, elongated clusters
Gold/Yellow
Insignificant
Catkin
Spring
Leaves
The margin is deeply cut by 2-5 pairs of triangular, pointed, bristle-tipped lobes. The leaf is shiny green, glabrous above and paler beneath with tufts of hairs along the veins. They are 2-4 inches long by 1-2 inches wide. Leaves persist into winter.
Deciduous
Green
Gold/Yellow
Purple/Lavender
Purple/Lavender
Red/Burgundy
Simple
Alternate
Elliptical
Lobed
3-6 inches
Waxy
1-3 inches
Bark
The bark is grey or light brown, thin, almost smooth, slightly scaly.
Light Gray
Light Brown
Scaly
Stem
Smooth red twigs with prominent light brown lenticels
Brown/Copper
Red/Burgundy
Straight
Smooth/Hairless
Cluster of terminal buds
Conspicuous
Poisonous to Humans
Abdominal pain, constipation then diarrhea (occasionally bloody), depression, frequent urination, discolored urine, jaundice; acorns can obstruct the digestive tract
Gallotannins, quercitrin, and quercitin.
Leaves
Fruits
Whole Plant Traits
Tree
Native Plant
Poisonous
Deciduous
Multi-stemmed
Erect
Slow
Medium
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Acid (<6.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Good Drainage
Occasionally Dry
24-60 feet
Mountains
Piedmont
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
Clay
Loam (Silt)
Landscape
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Nighttime Garden
Native Garden
Shade Tree
Woodland
Lawn
Naturalized Area
Butterflies
Pollinators
Moths
Problem for Horses
Quercus georgiana Image Gallery
Quercus georgiana Attributes
Quercus georgiana: Distribution
AL , GA , SC, NC
Quercus georgiana: Wildlife Value
Oak trees support a wide variety of Lepidopteran. You may see Imperial Moth (Eacles imperialis) larvae which have one brood per season and appear from April-October in the south. Adult Imperial Moths do not feed. Banded Hairstreak (Satyrium calanus), which have one flight from June-August everywhere but Florida where they emerge April-May. Edward's Hairstreak (Satyrium edwardsii), has one flight from May-July in the south and June-July in the north. Gray Hairstreak (Strymon melinus), has three to four flights in the south from February-November and two flights in the north from May-September. White-M Hairstreak (Parrhasius m-album) has three broods in the north from February-October. Horace’s Duskywing (Erynnis horatius) has three broods in Texas and the deep south from January-November, and two broods in the north from April-September. Juvenal’s Duskywing (Erynnis juvenalis) has one brood from April-June, appearing as early as January in Florida. Mildly resistant to damage by deer. Acorns are a favorite of quail, turkey and songbirds
Quercus georgiana: Edibility
Acorns are edible once the tannin has been boiled or leached out.
Quercus georgiana: Life Cycle
Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody
Quercus georgiana: Recommended Propagation Strategy
Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting
Quercus georgiana: Play Value
Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer
Quercus georgiana Fruit
Quercus georgiana: Fruit Description
Acorns are brown and rounded, appearing singular or in pairs. Cap is shallow and scaly. It takes 2 years to mature.
Quercus georgiana: Fruit Type
Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua
Quercus georgiana: Fruit Color
Brown/Copper
Quercus georgiana: Display/Harvest Time
Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter
Quercus georgiana: Fruit Length
< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches
Quercus georgiana Flowers
Quercus georgiana: Flower Description
Pollen flowers in drooping, elongated clusters
Quercus georgiana: Flower Color
Gold/Yellow
Quercus georgiana: Flower Inflorescence
Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel
Quercus georgiana: Flower Bloom Time
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Quercus georgiana Leaves
Quercus georgiana: Leaf Description
The margin is deeply cut by 2-5 pairs of triangular, pointed, bristle-tipped lobes. The leaf is shiny green, glabrous above and paler beneath with tufts of hairs along the veins. They are 2-4 inches long by 1-2 inches wide. Leaves persist into winter.
Quercus georgiana: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics
Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen
Quercus georgiana: Leaf Color
Gold/Yellow
Green
Purple/Lavender
Quercus georgiana: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color
Purple/Lavender
Red/Burgundy
Quercus georgiana: Leaf Type
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple
Quercus georgiana: Leaf Arrangement
Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled
Quercus georgiana: Leaf Shape
Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate
Quercus georgiana: Leaf Margin
Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate
Quercus georgiana: Hairs Present
No
Yes
Quercus georgiana: Leaf Length
< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches
Quercus georgiana: Leaf Feel
Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy
Quercus georgiana: Leaf Width
< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches
Quercus georgiana Bark
Quercus georgiana: Bark Description
The bark is grey or light brown, thin, almost smooth, slightly scaly.
Quercus georgiana: Bark Color
Light Brown
Light Gray
Quercus georgiana: Surface/Attachment
Bumpy
Exfoliating
Fissured
Furrowed
Lenticels
Papery
Patchy
Peeling
Ridges
Scaly
Shaggy
Shiny
Shredding
Smooth
Spongy
Quercus georgiana Stem
Quercus georgiana: Stem Description
Smooth red twigs with prominent light brown lenticels
Quercus georgiana: Stem Color
Brown/Copper
Red/Burgundy
Quercus georgiana: Stem Is Aromatic
No
Yes
Quercus georgiana: Stem Form
Straight
Zig Zags
Quercus georgiana: Stem Buds
Hairy
Hairy tips
Scaly
Smooth/Hairless
Quercus georgiana: Stem Bud Terminal
Cluster of terminal buds
Only 1 terminal bud, larger than side buds
Only 1 terminal bud, smaller than side buds
Quercus georgiana: Stem Lenticels
Conspicuous
Not Conspicuous
Quercus georgiana Poisonous to Humans
Quercus georgiana: Poison Symptoms
Abdominal pain, constipation then diarrhea (occasionally bloody), depression, frequent urination, discolored urine, jaundice; acorns can obstruct the digestive tract
Quercus georgiana: Poison Toxic Principle
Gallotannins, quercitrin, and quercitin.
Quercus georgiana: Poison Severity
High
Low
Medium
Quercus georgiana: Causes Contact Dermatitis
No
Yes
Quercus georgiana: Poison Part
Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems
Quercus georgiana Whole Plant Traits
Quercus georgiana: Plant Type
Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower
Quercus georgiana: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics
Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen
Quercus georgiana: Habit/Form
Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping
Quercus georgiana: Growth Rate
Slow
Medium
Rapid
Quercus georgiana: Maintenance
Low
Medium
High
Quercus georgiana: Texture
Fine
Medium
Coarse
Quercus georgiana Cultural Conditions
Quercus georgiana: Light
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Quercus georgiana: Soil pH
Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Quercus georgiana: Soil Drainage
Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry
Quercus georgiana: Available Space To Plant
12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet
Quercus georgiana: NC Region
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
Quercus georgiana: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone
5a
5b
6a
6b
7a
7b
8a
8b
Quercus georgiana: Soil Texture
Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky
Quercus georgiana Landscape
Quercus georgiana: Landscape Theme
Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden
Quercus georgiana: Design Feature
Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree
Quercus georgiana: Resistance To Challenges
Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind
Quercus georgiana: Landscape Location
Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland
Quercus georgiana: Attracts
Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees
Quercus georgiana: Problems
Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy
