• Photo of Quercus shumardii (Quercus shumardiis)

Plant Profile: Quercus shumardii

Taxonomy: Quercus shumardii

Names

Oaks, Shumard Oak, Shumard's Oak

  • Photo of Quercus shumardii (Quercus shumardiis)

Phonetic Spelling:KWER-kus shoo-MARD-ee-eye

Genus:Quercus

Species:shumardii

Family:Fagaceae

The Shumard Oak is a large, deciduous tree native to the red oak group within the beech family. This tree is visually appealing, showcasing a pyramidal form in its youth that evolves into a more rounded, open crown as it matures. It can grow up to 70 feet tall and spread 40 feet wide. Notably, the Shumard Oak is resilient in urban environments, capable of withstanding drought, dry soils, and air pollution. It grows relatively quickly, is adaptable, and can endure short periods of flooding. Its lobed leaves often display a striking red hue in the fall.

For optimal growth, plant this tree in average soil under full sunlight, making it an excellent choice for large yards, streets, parks, and other public spaces.

Quercus shumardii Feature Summary

Quercus shumardii Image Gallery

Tags

#fall color
#large shade tree
#wildlife plant
#native tree
#moths
#low maintenance
#riparian
#air pollution tolerant
#NC native
#nighttime garden
#ponds
#floodplain
#long lifespan
#parks
#larval host plant
#food source fall
#food source herbage
#coastal FAC
#Piedmont Mountains FAC
#bird friendly
#dry soils tolerant
#food source hard mast fruit
#mammals
#butterfly friendly
#moth larvae
#pollinator garden
#problem for horses
#audubon
#banded hairstreak butterfly
#gray hairstreak butterfly
#imperial moth
#juvenal’s duskywing butterfly
#edward’s hairstreak butterfly
#white-m hairstreak butterfly
#horace’s duskywing butterfly

Similar Plants

Quercus shumardii is often confused with:

Quercus shumardii Feature Summary

Attributes
Eastern Canada, Southeastern U.S.A
AL , AR , FL , GA , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MD , MI , MO , MS , NC , OH , OK , PA , SC , TN , TX , VA , WV Canada: ON
Oak trees support a wide variety of Lepidopteran. You may see Imperial Moth (Eacles imperialis) larvae which have one brood per season and appear from April-October in the south. Adult Imperial Moths do not feed. Banded Hairstreak (Satyrium calanus), which have one flight from June-August everywhere but Florida where they emerge April-May. Edward's Hairstreak (Satyrium edwardsii), has one flight from May-July in the south and June-July in the north. Gray Hairstreak (Strymon melinus), has three to four flights in the south from February-November and two flights in the north from May-September. White-M Hairstreak (Parrhasius m-album) has three broods in the north from February-October. Horace’s Duskywing (Erynnis horatius) has three broods in Texas and the deep south from January-November, and two broods in the north from April-September. Juvenal’s Duskywing (Erynnis juvenalis) has one brood from April-June, appearing as early as January in Florida.
Acorns are edible once the tannins have been leached or boiled out.
Wildlife Food Source
Shade
Wildlife Nesting
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Larval Host
Fruit
Oblong-ovoid acorns occur singly or paired and are 3/4 to 1 1/4 inches long. The cap is shallow, bowl-shaped and scaly covering less than 1/3 of the acorn. Displays from September to October. The tree produces acorns at about 25 years of age. Acorns mature the second year.
Brown/Copper
1-3 inches
1-3 inches
Flowers
Insignificant greenish blooms appear in April as separate male and female catkins.
Insignificant
Catkin
Leaves
Leaves are up to 7 inches long, with 2 to 4 pairs of pointed lobes with soft, bristle-like tips. Sinuses reaching from 1/2 to 3/4 the distance to the leaf midrib. Shiny dark green above, pale green below with tufts of hair. Red fall color
3-6 inches
1-3 inches
Bark
The bark is thick, smooth and grayish, becoming furrowed and darker gray.
Dark Gray
Light Gray
Stem
The stems are grayish brown, glabrous with clustered terminal 1/4 inch long buds that are grayish brown, smooth or slightly fuzzy.
Brown/Copper
Gray/Silver
Smooth (glabrous)
Cluster of terminal buds
Poisonous to Humans
Abdominal pain, constipation then diarrhea (occasionally bloody), depression, frequent urination, discolored urine, jaundice; acorns can obstruct the digestive tract
Gallotannins, quercitrin, and quercitin
Leaves
Fruits
Whole Plant Traits
Tree
Native Plant
Rounded
Erect
Pyramidal
Open
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasionally Wet
Occasionally Dry
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
9a
9b
Clay
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Nighttime Garden
Native Garden
Shade Tree
Street Tree
Drought
Pollution
Wet Soil
Urban Conditions
Dry Soil
Butterflies
Pollinators
Songbirds
Moths
Small Mammals
Problem for Horses

Quercus shumardii Attributes

Quercus shumardii: Country Or Region Of Origin

Eastern Canada, Southeastern U.S.A

Quercus shumardii: Distribution

AL , AR , FL , GA , IL , IN , KS , KY , LA , MD , MI , MO , MS , NC , OH , OK , PA , SC , TN , TX , VA , WV Canada: ON

Quercus shumardii: Wildlife Value

Oak trees support a wide variety of Lepidopteran. You may see Imperial Moth (Eacles imperialis) larvae which have one brood per season and appear from April-October in the south. Adult Imperial Moths do not feed. Banded Hairstreak (Satyrium calanus), which have one flight from June-August everywhere but Florida where they emerge April-May. Edward's Hairstreak (Satyrium edwardsii), has one flight from May-July in the south and June-July in the north. Gray Hairstreak (Strymon melinus), has three to four flights in the south from February-November and two flights in the north from May-September. White-M Hairstreak (Parrhasius m-album) has three broods in the north from February-October. Horace’s Duskywing (Erynnis horatius) has three broods in Texas and the deep south from January-November, and two broods in the north from April-September. Juvenal’s Duskywing (Erynnis juvenalis) has one brood from April-June, appearing as early as January in Florida.

Quercus shumardii: Edibility

Acorns are edible once the tannins have been leached or boiled out.

Quercus shumardii: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Quercus shumardii: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Quercus shumardii: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Quercus shumardii Fruit

Quercus shumardii: Fruit Description

Oblong-ovoid acorns occur singly or paired and are 3/4 to 1 1/4 inches long. The cap is shallow, bowl-shaped and scaly covering less than 1/3 of the acorn. Displays from September to October. The tree produces acorns at about 25 years of age. Acorns mature the second year.

Quercus shumardii: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Quercus shumardii: Fruit Color

grass
Brown/Copper

Quercus shumardii: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Quercus shumardii: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Quercus shumardii: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Quercus shumardii Flowers

Quercus shumardii: Flower Description

Insignificant greenish blooms appear in April as separate male and female catkins.

Quercus shumardii: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Green

Quercus shumardii: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Quercus shumardii: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Quercus shumardii Leaves

Quercus shumardii: Leaf Description

Leaves are up to 7 inches long, with 2 to 4 pairs of pointed lobes with soft, bristle-like tips. Sinuses reaching from 1/2 to 3/4 the distance to the leaf midrib. Shiny dark green above, pale green below with tufts of hair. Red fall color

Quercus shumardii: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Quercus shumardii: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Quercus shumardii: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Red/Burgundy

Quercus shumardii: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Quercus shumardii: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Quercus shumardii: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Quercus shumardii: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Quercus shumardii: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Quercus shumardii: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Quercus shumardii Bark

Quercus shumardii: Bark Description

The bark is thick, smooth and grayish, becoming furrowed and darker gray.

Quercus shumardii: Bark Color

grass
Dark Gray
grass
Light Gray

Quercus shumardii: Surface/Attachment

Bumpy
Exfoliating
Fissured
Furrowed
Lenticels
Papery
Patchy
Peeling
Ridges
Scaly
Shaggy
Shiny
Shredding
Smooth
Spongy

Quercus shumardii Stem

Quercus shumardii: Stem Description

The stems are grayish brown, glabrous with clustered terminal 1/4 inch long buds that are grayish brown, smooth or slightly fuzzy.

Quercus shumardii: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Gray/Silver

Quercus shumardii: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Quercus shumardii: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Quercus shumardii: Stem Bud Terminal

Cluster of terminal buds
Only 1 terminal bud, larger than side buds
Only 1 terminal bud, smaller than side buds

Quercus shumardii Poisonous to Humans

Quercus shumardii: Poison Symptoms

Abdominal pain, constipation then diarrhea (occasionally bloody), depression, frequent urination, discolored urine, jaundice; acorns can obstruct the digestive tract

Quercus shumardii: Poison Toxic Principle

Gallotannins, quercitrin, and quercitin

Quercus shumardii: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Quercus shumardii: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Quercus shumardii: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Quercus shumardii Whole Plant Traits

Quercus shumardii: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Quercus shumardii: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Quercus shumardii: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Quercus shumardii: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Quercus shumardii: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Quercus shumardii: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Quercus shumardii Cultural Conditions

Quercus shumardii: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Quercus shumardii: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Quercus shumardii: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Quercus shumardii: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Quercus shumardii: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Quercus shumardii: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Quercus shumardii: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Quercus shumardii Landscape

Quercus shumardii: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Quercus shumardii: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Quercus shumardii: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Quercus shumardii: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Quercus shumardii: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Quercus shumardii: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy