Plant Profile: Quercus phellos

The Willow Oak is a deciduous tree belonging to the beech family, indigenous to the eastern and central regions of the United States. It typically reaches heights of 50 to 80 feet, although it can grow as tall as 100 feet and has a long lifespan. In North Carolina, this tree is prevalent throughout the state. Its aesthetically pleasing, rounded shape has contributed to its popularity in the southeastern U.S. Notably, Willow Oak is a fast-growing species among oaks, beginning to produce acorns around 15 to 20 years of age. It serves as an important habitat for various birds and mammals.

This tree thrives in acidic to average, medium to wet, well-drained soils and prefers full sun to partial shade. Its adaptability to different soil types makes it a versatile choice. Willow Oak is commonly planted as a shade tree in commercial areas, parks, golf courses, expansive yards, and along streets.

It exhibits a good level of resistance to diseases and pests, although it may face challenges such as root rot, borers, trunk canker, and orange-striped oakworms. Additionally, chlorosis caused by iron deficiency can occur in soils with high pH levels.

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