• Photo of Taxus canadensis (Taxus canadensiss)

Plant Profile: Taxus canadensis

Taxonomy: Taxus canadensis

Names

American Yew, Canada Yew, Canadian Yew, Ground-Hemlock, Yew

  • Photo of Taxus canadensis (Taxus canadensiss)

Phonetic Spelling:TAKS-us ka-na-DEN-sis

Genus:Taxus

Species:canadensis

Family:Taxaceae

The Canada Yew is a coniferous plant typically found in wetland regions, ravines, along stream banks, and at the edges of lakes across Canada and the United States. Its distribution extends from Manitoba, Minnesota, and Iowa, moving eastward to the coast and southward to Tennessee and North Carolina, where it is primarily located in mountainous areas.

This shrub thrives in partial to full shade, preferring moist, cool soils within rich woodlands, hardwood and conifer forests, swamps, and along banks. When its stems come into contact with the ground, they can take root, leading to the formation of colonies. Generally, Canada Yew does not exceed a height of 5 feet.

This plant is effective for stabilizing soil along streams, ponds, and bogs, and can also be utilized in mass plantings as ground cover. It is worth noting that deer are known to feed on this shrub.

Taxus canadensis Feature Summary

Taxus canadensis Image Gallery

Tags

#shade tolerant
#fragrant leaves
#riparian
#wet sites
#stream banks
#swamps
#ponds
#groundcover
#wet soils tolerant
#native
#banks
#understory shrub
#problem for cats
#streams
#problem for dogs
#problem for horses
#woodlands

Similar Plants

Taxus canadensis Feature Summary

Attributes
Central and eastern North America
Fruit
Fruit is a cup-shaped, berry-like cone called an aril, up to 3/8 inch long, maturing to bright red, open at the top exposing the single seed in mid to late summer.
Red/Burgundy
< 1 inch
Flowers
Male and female flowers are cone-like structures called strobili, both about 1/8 inch long, borne singly in the leaf axils usually on different branches of the same plant, occasionally on separate plants. Female cones are smaller, beginning as pointed buds and subtended by a series of small bracts. Male strobili are oval-elliptic, the cone scales yellowish, the pollen sacs initially creamy colored, turning tan.
Gold/Yellow
Cream/Tan
Leaves
3/8- 1-inch dark green needles attached singly in a spiral around the branch but give a flattened appearance as they project laterally only. the undersides paler with a prominent green midvein and appearing striped.
Needles
< 1 inch
< 1 inch
Stem
Twigs are mostly alternate, hairless, green to yellowish when young, becoming brown to reddish-brown the second year.
Brown/Copper
Green
Red/Burgundy
Gold/Yellow
Smooth (glabrous)
Whole Plant Traits
Shrub
Native Plant
Spreading
Prostrate
Ascending
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasionally Wet
Mountains
4a
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
3a
3b
Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Landscape
Rain Garden
Mass Planting
Woodland
Slope/Bank
Riparian
Problem for Cats
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses

Taxus canadensis Attributes

Taxus canadensis: Country Or Region Of Origin

Central and eastern North America

Taxus canadensis: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Taxus canadensis: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Taxus canadensis Fruit

Taxus canadensis: Fruit Description

Fruit is a cup-shaped, berry-like cone called an aril, up to 3/8 inch long, maturing to bright red, open at the top exposing the single seed in mid to late summer.

Taxus canadensis: Fruit Color

grass
Red/Burgundy

Taxus canadensis: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Taxus canadensis: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Taxus canadensis: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Taxus canadensis Flowers

Taxus canadensis: Flower Description

Male and female flowers are cone-like structures called strobili, both about 1/8 inch long, borne singly in the leaf axils usually on different branches of the same plant, occasionally on separate plants. Female cones are smaller, beginning as pointed buds and subtended by a series of small bracts. Male strobili are oval-elliptic, the cone scales yellowish, the pollen sacs initially creamy colored, turning tan.

Taxus canadensis: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Cream/Tan
filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow

Taxus canadensis: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Taxus canadensis Leaves

Taxus canadensis: Leaf Description

3/8- 1-inch dark green needles attached singly in a spiral around the branch but give a flattened appearance as they project laterally only. the undersides paler with a prominent green midvein and appearing striped.

Taxus canadensis: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Taxus canadensis: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Taxus canadensis: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Taxus canadensis: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Taxus canadensis: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Taxus canadensis: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Taxus canadensis: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Taxus canadensis: Leaf Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long-lasting
Showy

Taxus canadensis: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Taxus canadensis Stem

Taxus canadensis: Stem Description

Twigs are mostly alternate, hairless, green to yellowish when young, becoming brown to reddish-brown the second year.

Taxus canadensis: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Gold/Yellow
grass
Green
grass
Red/Burgundy

Taxus canadensis: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Taxus canadensis: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Taxus canadensis Whole Plant Traits

Taxus canadensis: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Taxus canadensis: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Taxus canadensis: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Taxus canadensis: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Taxus canadensis: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Taxus canadensis: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Taxus canadensis Cultural Conditions

Taxus canadensis: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Taxus canadensis: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Taxus canadensis: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Taxus canadensis: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
3a
thermostat
3b
thermostat
4a
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b

Taxus canadensis: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Taxus canadensis Landscape

Taxus canadensis: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Taxus canadensis: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Taxus canadensis: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Taxus canadensis: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy