• Photo of Vaccinium crassifolium (Vaccinium crassifoliums)

Plant Profile: Vaccinium crassifolium

Taxonomy: Vaccinium crassifolium

Names

Creeping Blueberry, Thick-leaved Whortlberry

  • Photo of Vaccinium crassifolium (Vaccinium crassifoliums)

Phonetic Spelling:vak-SIN-ee-um krass-ih-FOH-lee-um

Genus:Vaccinium

Species:crassifolium

Family:Ericaceae

Creeping Blueberry is an evergreen shrub belonging to the Ericaceae family, found exclusively in four states in the southeastern United States. This plant can create a dense mat, making it an excellent choice for ground cover that remains visually appealing throughout the year. It thrives in acidic, well-drained sandy to loamy soils and is sensitive to lime, which it cannot tolerate. Naturally, it grows in savannas, pine flatwoods, and sandy regions. In April, clusters of pinkish, bell-shaped flowers bloom along its stems.

The new growth of this shrub is particularly striking, emerging in a bronze hue before transitioning to a deep green during the summer months. Its leaves are thick and leathery, densely arranged along the horizontal stems.

During the summer, the plant produces edible berries that can be enjoyed both raw and cooked. While it can thrive in sunny or partially shaded areas, it yields the best fruit when exposed to full sunlight.

Creeping Blueberry prefers undisturbed roots, so starting it in a container before transplanting to a permanent spot is advisable. The two cultivars, 'Well's Delight' and 'Bloodstone,' can develop into a nearly solid evergreen carpet, making them highly recommended for ground cover. The berries of 'Well's Delight' are noted for their subtle aromatic flavor.

This plant is heat tolerant in USDA Zones 1 through 7.

As for pests and diseases, no significant issues have been reported.

For further details on Vaccinium, please refer to additional resources.

Vaccinium crassifolium Feature Summary

Vaccinium crassifolium Image Gallery

Tags

#evergreen
#showy flowers
#showy berries
#heat tolerant
#drought tolerant
#wildlife plant
#nectar plant
#native bees
#broadleaf evergreen
#fall interest
#showy fruits
#specialized bees
#NC native
#groundcover
#edible fruits
#rock gardens
#native groundcover
#pollinator plant
#evergreen shrub
#food source herbage
#food source nectar
#food source pollen
#coastal FAC
#Piedmont Mountains FAC
#bird friendly
#mammals
#food source soft mast fruit
#butterfly friendly
#bee friendly
#audubon
#broadleaf

Similar Plants

Vaccinium crassifolium Feature Summary

Attributes
Southeastern U.S.A., North Carolina and Georgia
VA, NC, SC, GA
Members of the genus Vaccinium support the following specialized bees: Andrena (Conandrena) bradleyi, Andrena (Andrena) carolina, Panurginus atramontensis, Habropoda laboriosa, Colletes productus, Colletes validus, and Osmia (Melanosmia) virga. Birds and mammals are attracted to the berries.
Blueberries are edible.
Perennial
Woody
Seed
Stem Cutting
Division
Layering
Edible fruit
Wildlife Food Source
Attracts Pollinators
Attractive Flowers
Fruit
Small purple-black round fruits that appear from June to July.
Purple/Lavender
Black
< 1 inch
Flowers
Small pendulous clusters of rosy red and white bell-shaped flowers in spring (April-May).
Pink
White
Red/Burgundy
fused petals
< 1 inch
Leaves
1/2 inch finely serrate, glossy dark green to bronze leaves.
Green
Brown/Copper
Elliptical
Ovate
Obovate
< 1 inch
Glossy
Leathery
< 1 inch
Bark
Brown and exfoliating.
Dark Brown
Light Brown
Stem
Reddish-brown stems
Brown/Copper
Red/Burgundy
Whole Plant Traits
Shrub
Edible
Native Plant
Ground Cover
Horizontal
Clumping
Creeping
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasionally Dry
Coastal
Piedmont
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
Rock Garden
Pollinator Garden
Winter Garden
Native Garden
Border
Mass Planting
Accent
Specimen
Container
Patio
Walkways
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Slope/Bank
Coastal
Butterflies
Pollinators
Songbirds
Small Mammals
Specialized Bees

Vaccinium crassifolium Attributes

Vaccinium crassifolium: Country Or Region Of Origin

Southeastern U.S.A., North Carolina and Georgia

Vaccinium crassifolium: Distribution

VA, NC, SC, GA

Vaccinium crassifolium: Wildlife Value

Members of the genus Vaccinium support the following specialized bees: Andrena (Conandrena) bradleyi, Andrena (Andrena) carolina, Panurginus atramontensis, Habropoda laboriosa, Colletes productus, Colletes validus, and Osmia (Melanosmia) virga. Birds and mammals are attracted to the berries.

Vaccinium crassifolium: Edibility

Blueberries are edible.

Vaccinium crassifolium: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Vaccinium crassifolium: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Vaccinium crassifolium: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Vaccinium crassifolium Fruit

Vaccinium crassifolium: Fruit Description

Small purple-black round fruits that appear from June to July.

Vaccinium crassifolium: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Vaccinium crassifolium: Fruit Color

grass
Black
grass
Purple/Lavender

Vaccinium crassifolium: Fruit Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Vaccinium crassifolium: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Vaccinium crassifolium: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Vaccinium crassifolium: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Vaccinium crassifolium Flowers

Vaccinium crassifolium: Flower Description

Small pendulous clusters of rosy red and white bell-shaped flowers in spring (April-May).

Vaccinium crassifolium: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Pink
filter_vintage
Red/Burgundy
filter_vintage
White

Vaccinium crassifolium: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Vaccinium crassifolium: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Vaccinium crassifolium: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Vaccinium crassifolium: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Vaccinium crassifolium: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Vaccinium crassifolium Leaves

Vaccinium crassifolium: Leaf Description

1/2 inch finely serrate, glossy dark green to bronze leaves.

Vaccinium crassifolium: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Vaccinium crassifolium: Leaf Color

spa
Brown/Copper
spa
Green

Vaccinium crassifolium: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Vaccinium crassifolium: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Vaccinium crassifolium: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Vaccinium crassifolium: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Vaccinium crassifolium: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Vaccinium crassifolium: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Vaccinium crassifolium: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Vaccinium crassifolium: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Vaccinium crassifolium Bark

Vaccinium crassifolium: Bark Description

Brown and exfoliating.

Vaccinium crassifolium: Bark Color

grass
Dark Brown
grass
Light Brown

Vaccinium crassifolium: Surface/Attachment

Bumpy
Exfoliating
Fissured
Furrowed
Lenticels
Papery
Patchy
Peeling
Ridges
Scaly
Shaggy
Shiny
Shredding
Smooth
Spongy

Vaccinium crassifolium Stem

Vaccinium crassifolium: Stem Description

Reddish-brown stems

Vaccinium crassifolium: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Red/Burgundy

Vaccinium crassifolium: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Vaccinium crassifolium Whole Plant Traits

Vaccinium crassifolium: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Vaccinium crassifolium: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Vaccinium crassifolium: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Vaccinium crassifolium: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Vaccinium crassifolium: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Vaccinium crassifolium: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Vaccinium crassifolium Cultural Conditions

Vaccinium crassifolium: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Vaccinium crassifolium: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Vaccinium crassifolium: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Vaccinium crassifolium: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Vaccinium crassifolium: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Vaccinium crassifolium: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Vaccinium crassifolium: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Vaccinium crassifolium Landscape

Vaccinium crassifolium: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Vaccinium crassifolium: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Vaccinium crassifolium: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Vaccinium crassifolium: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Vaccinium crassifolium: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees