• Photo of Cornus alternifolia (Cornus alternifolias)

Plant Profile: Cornus alternifolia

Taxonomy: Cornus alternifolia

Names

Alternate-leaved Dogwood, Pagoda Dogwood

  • Photo of Cornus alternifolia (Cornus alternifolias)

Phonetic Spelling:KOR-nus al-ter-nih-FOH-lee-ah

Genus:Cornus

Species:alternifolia

Family:Cornaceae

The dogwood showcases striking maroon leaves in the fall, with its unique alternate leaf arrangement. Its branches extend horizontally, forming a tiered appearance reminiscent of a pagoda, with tips that curve upward. This plant features a fibrous, spreading root system that thrives best in cooler root zones. It is best cultivated in moist, acidic soil and prefers shaded areas, although it can also tolerate sunlight. Due to its shallow roots, it does not handle transplantation well. This species can grow as either a small tree or a large shrub, reaching heights of up to 30 feet.

Seasons of Interest:

       Foliage: Fall    Bloom: Spring     

In terms of pests and diseases, it may be affected by calico scale, dogwood borer, dogwood sawfly, Japanese maple scale, leafhoppers, and oyster shell scale. Additionally, it can suffer from anthracnose, leaf and flower blight (botrytis), crown canker, bacterial leaf scorch, powdery mildew, and septoria leaf spot. However, this species exhibits greater resistance to the typical diseases that affect dogwoods. It is susceptible to sunscald and does not tolerate salt well.

Cornus alternifolia Feature Summary

Cornus alternifolia Image Gallery

Tags

#showy flowers
#deciduous
#fall color
#fragrant flowers
#wildlife plant
#nectar plant
#low maintenance
#fall interest
#flowering tree
#showy fruits
#specialized bees
#NC native
#large shrub
#deer resistant
#horizontal
#naturalizes
#borders
#pollinator plant
#Braham Arboretum
#nesting sites
#larval host plant
#food source fall
#food source herbage
#food source nectar
#food source pollen
#coastal FAC
#Piedmont Mountains FAC
#bird friendly
#food source soft mast fruit
#bee friendly
#audubon

Similar Plants

Cornus alternifolia Feature Summary

Attributes
Central & E. Canada to N. Central & E. U.S.A.
Found in western North Carolina, the northeastern United States, and as far west as Minnesota
Fruits are attractive to birds and plants provide nesting sites.  118 species of Lepidopteran caterpillars feed on Cornus. Members of the genus Cornus support the following specialized bees: Andrena (Gonandrena) fragilis, Andrena (Gonandrena) integra, and Andrena (Gonandrena) platyparia.
More resistant to diseases than other dogwoods. Tolerates deer and black walnut.
Wildlife Food Source
Attracts Pollinators
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Screening
Wildlife Larval Host
Fruit
Drupe on red stalks green in summer blue-purple in the fall. Displays from August to September
Green
Purple/Lavender
Blue
Flowers
White to cream colored flat typed cyme in 3"-4" clusters. Very fragrant blooms appear late May to early June after leave emerge. They are not as showy as other dogwoods.
White
Gold/Yellow
Green
4-5 petals/rays
1-3 inches
Leaves
Leaves are alternate appearing whorled on the stem. 2"-5" inches longand 1"-2 1/2" wide. Red-purple fall color. Veins appear almost parallel.
Green
Gold/Yellow
Purple/Lavender
Red/Burgundy
Alternate
Whorled
Elliptical
Ovate
1-3 inches
1-3 inches
Bark
Gray ridged and furrowed when mature.
Dark Gray
Stem
Stems are shiny purple-brown
Brown/Copper
Purple/Lavender
Whole Plant Traits
Shrub
Tree
Native Plant
Multi-trunked
Horizontal
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasionally Wet
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
3a
3b
High Organic Matter
Landscape
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Winter Garden
Cottage Garden
Border
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Specimen
Flowering Tree
Patio
Woodland
Naturalized Area
Small Space
Butterflies
Pollinators
Songbirds
Bees
Moths
Specialized Bees
Frequent Disease Problems

Cornus alternifolia Attributes

Cornus alternifolia: Country Or Region Of Origin

Central & E. Canada to N. Central & E. U.S.A.

Cornus alternifolia: Distribution

Found in western North Carolina, the northeastern United States, and as far west as Minnesota

Cornus alternifolia: Wildlife Value

Fruits are attractive to birds and plants provide nesting sites.  118 species of Lepidopteran caterpillars feed on Cornus. Members of the genus Cornus support the following specialized bees: Andrena (Gonandrena) fragilis, Andrena (Gonandrena) integra, and Andrena (Gonandrena) platyparia.

Cornus alternifolia: Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems)

More resistant to diseases than other dogwoods. Tolerates deer and black walnut.

Cornus alternifolia: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Cornus alternifolia: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Cornus alternifolia Fruit

Cornus alternifolia: Fruit Description

Drupe on red stalks green in summer blue-purple in the fall. Displays from August to September

Cornus alternifolia: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Cornus alternifolia: Fruit Color

grass
Blue
grass
Green
grass
Purple/Lavender

Cornus alternifolia: Fruit Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Cornus alternifolia: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Cornus alternifolia Flowers

Cornus alternifolia: Flower Description

White to cream colored flat typed cyme in 3"-4" clusters. Very fragrant blooms appear late May to early June after leave emerge. They are not as showy as other dogwoods.

Cornus alternifolia: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow
filter_vintage
Green
filter_vintage
White

Cornus alternifolia: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Cornus alternifolia: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Cornus alternifolia: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Cornus alternifolia: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Cornus alternifolia: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Cornus alternifolia: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Cornus alternifolia Leaves

Cornus alternifolia: Leaf Description

Leaves are alternate appearing whorled on the stem. 2"-5" inches longand 1"-2 1/2" wide. Red-purple fall color. Veins appear almost parallel.

Cornus alternifolia: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Cornus alternifolia: Leaf Color

spa
Gold/Yellow
spa
Green

Cornus alternifolia: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Purple/Lavender
spa
Red/Burgundy

Cornus alternifolia: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Cornus alternifolia: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Cornus alternifolia: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Cornus alternifolia: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Cornus alternifolia: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Cornus alternifolia: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Cornus alternifolia: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Cornus alternifolia Bark

Cornus alternifolia: Bark Description

Gray ridged and furrowed when mature.

Cornus alternifolia: Bark Color

grass
Dark Gray

Cornus alternifolia: Surface/Attachment

Bumpy
Exfoliating
Fissured
Furrowed
Lenticels
Papery
Patchy
Peeling
Ridges
Scaly
Shaggy
Shiny
Shredding
Smooth
Spongy

Cornus alternifolia Stem

Cornus alternifolia: Stem Description

Stems are shiny purple-brown

Cornus alternifolia: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Purple/Lavender

Cornus alternifolia: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Cornus alternifolia: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Cornus alternifolia Whole Plant Traits

Cornus alternifolia: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Cornus alternifolia: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Cornus alternifolia: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Cornus alternifolia: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Cornus alternifolia: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Cornus alternifolia Cultural Conditions

Cornus alternifolia: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Cornus alternifolia: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Cornus alternifolia: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Cornus alternifolia: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Cornus alternifolia: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Cornus alternifolia: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
3a
thermostat
3b
thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b

Cornus alternifolia: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Cornus alternifolia Landscape

Cornus alternifolia: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Cornus alternifolia: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Cornus alternifolia: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Cornus alternifolia: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Cornus alternifolia: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Cornus alternifolia: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy