• Photo of Acer pensylvanicum (Acer pensylvanicums)

Plant Profile: Acer pensylvanicum

Taxonomy: Acer pensylvanicum

Names

Goosefoot Maple, Moosewood, Snakebark Maple, Striped Maple, Whistlewood

  • Photo of Acer pensylvanicum (Acer pensylvanicums)

Phonetic Spelling:AY-ser pen-sill-VAN-ee-kum

Genus:Acer

Species:pensylvanicum

Family:Sapindaceae

Snakebark maple is a small tree or large shrub that typically grows in the understory, characterized by its rounded form. It thrives in partial shade and prefers moist, well-drained soils. While it can tolerate heavy shade effectively, it tends to struggle in hotter southern climates, performing best in cooler summer conditions. The tree is named after Pennsylvania, its native state, and is also found in the mountainous regions of North Carolina, where it inhabits dry to mesic forests.

The distinctive bark of the stems and young trunks features striking white stripes, which is how it earned the nickname Snakebark. Additionally, the leaves are shaped somewhat like a goose's foot, leading to its other common name, Goosefoot Maple. In the fall, the tree showcases vibrant yellow foliage, while its unique bark adds visual interest during the winter months.

This tree is well-suited for use as an understory tree or shrub in woodland settings. However, it should be shielded from direct sunlight to prevent leaf scorch.

Acer pensylvanicum Feature Summary

Acer pensylvanicum Image Gallery

Tags

#deciduous
#fall color
#small tree
#shade tree
#interesting bark
#shrub
#wildlife plant
#partial sun
#native tree
#moths
#shade tolerant
#green flowers
#yellow flowers
#tree
#shade shrub
#deciduous shrub
#nectar plant
#native shrub
#shade garden
#spring flowers
#winter interest
#fall interest
#understory tree
#flowering tree
#small mammals
#moist soil
#food source
#NC native
#flowering shrub
#nighttime garden
#small and large mammals
#native garden
#mountains
#cool weather plant
#summer interest
#spring interest
#acidic soil tolerant
#pollinator plant
#Braham Arboretum
#larval host plant
#fruits summer
#food source summer
#deciduous tree
#food source herbage
#food source nectar
#food source pollen
#native
#bird friendly
#food source hard mast fruit
#butterfly friendly
#moth larvae
#Piedmont Mountains FACU
#Coastal FACU
#food source mid-summer
#partial shade tolerant
#shade flowers
#flowering
#pollinators
#pollinator garden
#bee friendly
#flowers
#audubon
#heavy shade tolerant
#imperial moth

Similar Plants

Acer pensylvanicum Feature Summary

Attributes
The Striped Maple has limited uses. Its porous and fine-grained wood has occasionally been used by cabinet makers for inlay material. Whistles can be carved easily from branch sections. Native Americans reportedly used the wood to make arrows and the bark to make a beverage. Farmers in the American colonies and Canada reportedly fed their cattle both dried and green leaves in the winter; in the spring, when the buds had begun to swell, they turned their horses and cows into the woods to browse on the young shoots. Native Americans used the Striped Maple to treat a variety of ailments including bronchial and kidney troubles, colds, and coughs.
Only species of snakebark maple that is native to North America
USA: CT , GA , KY , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , PA , RI , SC , TN , VA , VT , WI , WV Canada: NB , NS , ON , PE
Members of the genus Acer support Imperial Moth (Eacles imperialis) larvae which have one brood per season and appear from April-October in the south. Adult Imperial Moths do not feed. Early spring source of nectar for bees. It is an important browse plant for many mammals.
Wildlife Food Source
Attracts Pollinators
Shade
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Fruit
1 inch long winged samaras in pendulous chains. In North Carolina, the samaras are available from June to September.
Cream/Tan
< 1 inch
Flowers
1/3 inch flowers are greenish-yellow, regular, pentamerous in 6 inch long racemes, Bloom time is April- May.
Gold/Yellow
4-5 petals/rays
< 1 inch
Leaves
5-7 inch long and wide leaves are 3 lobed at the apex and palmately veined. Yellow to red-orange fall foliage.
Orbicular
Lobed
Serrate
> 6 inches
3-6 inches
Bark
Young bark as vertical white stripes which can disappear with age and turn more reddish brown.
Green
Light Brown
Red/Burgundy
White
Stem
The branches are reddish and the terminal buds are red and taper to a point. Older stems can have green to white striped bark.
Brown/Copper
Green
Red/Burgundy
White
Smooth (glabrous)
Only 1 terminal bud, larger than side buds
Whole Plant Traits
Shrub
Tree
Native Plant
Rounded
Erect
Irregular
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Acid (<6.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
3a
3b
Clay
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape
Drought Tolerant Garden
Pollinator Garden
Winter Garden
Nighttime Garden
Native Garden
Shade Garden
Understory Tree
Woodland
Naturalized Area
Butterflies
Pollinators
Songbirds
Bees
Moths
Small Mammals
Short-lived

Acer pensylvanicum Attributes

Acer pensylvanicum: Uses (Ethnobotany)

The Striped Maple has limited uses. Its porous and fine-grained wood has occasionally been used by cabinet makers for inlay material. Whistles can be carved easily from branch sections. Native Americans reportedly used the wood to make arrows and the bark to make a beverage. Farmers in the American colonies and Canada reportedly fed their cattle both dried and green leaves in the winter; in the spring, when the buds had begun to swell, they turned their horses and cows into the woods to browse on the young shoots. Native Americans used the Striped Maple to treat a variety of ailments including bronchial and kidney troubles, colds, and coughs.

Acer pensylvanicum: Country Or Region Of Origin

Only species of snakebark maple that is native to North America

Acer pensylvanicum: Distribution

USA: CT , GA , KY , MA , MD , ME , MI , MN , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , PA , RI , SC , TN , VA , VT , WI , WV Canada: NB , NS , ON , PE

Acer pensylvanicum: Wildlife Value

Members of the genus Acer support Imperial Moth (Eacles imperialis) larvae which have one brood per season and appear from April-October in the south. Adult Imperial Moths do not feed. Early spring source of nectar for bees. It is an important browse plant for many mammals.

Acer pensylvanicum: Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems)

Tolerates heavy shade.

Acer pensylvanicum: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Acer pensylvanicum: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Acer pensylvanicum: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Acer pensylvanicum Fruit

Acer pensylvanicum: Fruit Description

1 inch long winged samaras in pendulous chains. In North Carolina, the samaras are available from June to September.

Acer pensylvanicum: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Acer pensylvanicum: Fruit Color

grass
Cream/Tan

Acer pensylvanicum: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Acer pensylvanicum: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Acer pensylvanicum: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Acer pensylvanicum Flowers

Acer pensylvanicum: Flower Description

1/3 inch flowers are greenish-yellow, regular, pentamerous in 6 inch long racemes, Bloom time is April- May.

Acer pensylvanicum: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow

Acer pensylvanicum: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Acer pensylvanicum: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Acer pensylvanicum: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Acer pensylvanicum: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Acer pensylvanicum: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Acer pensylvanicum: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Acer pensylvanicum Leaves

Acer pensylvanicum: Leaf Description

5-7 inch long and wide leaves are 3 lobed at the apex and palmately veined. Yellow to red-orange fall foliage.

Acer pensylvanicum: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Acer pensylvanicum: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Acer pensylvanicum: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Gold/Yellow

Acer pensylvanicum: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Acer pensylvanicum: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Acer pensylvanicum: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Acer pensylvanicum: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Acer pensylvanicum: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Acer pensylvanicum: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Acer pensylvanicum: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Acer pensylvanicum: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Acer pensylvanicum Bark

Acer pensylvanicum: Bark Description

Young bark as vertical white stripes which can disappear with age and turn more reddish brown.

Acer pensylvanicum: Bark Color

grass
Green
grass
Light Brown
grass
Red/Burgundy
grass
White

Acer pensylvanicum Stem

Acer pensylvanicum: Stem Description

The branches are reddish and the terminal buds are red and taper to a point. Older stems can have green to white striped bark.

Acer pensylvanicum: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Green
grass
Red/Burgundy
grass
White

Acer pensylvanicum: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Acer pensylvanicum: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Acer pensylvanicum: Stem Bud Terminal

Cluster of terminal buds
Only 1 terminal bud, larger than side buds
Only 1 terminal bud, smaller than side buds

Acer pensylvanicum Whole Plant Traits

Acer pensylvanicum: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Acer pensylvanicum: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Acer pensylvanicum: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Acer pensylvanicum: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Acer pensylvanicum: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Acer pensylvanicum: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Acer pensylvanicum Cultural Conditions

Acer pensylvanicum: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Acer pensylvanicum: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Acer pensylvanicum: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Acer pensylvanicum: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Acer pensylvanicum: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Acer pensylvanicum: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
3a
thermostat
3b
thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b

Acer pensylvanicum: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Acer pensylvanicum Landscape

Acer pensylvanicum: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Acer pensylvanicum: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Acer pensylvanicum: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Acer pensylvanicum: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Acer pensylvanicum: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Acer pensylvanicum: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy