• Photo of Chamaelirium luteum (Chamaelirium luteums)

Plant Profile: Chamaelirium luteum

Taxonomy: Chamaelirium luteum

Names

Devil's Bit, Devil's-bit, Fairy-wand

  • Photo of Chamaelirium luteum (Chamaelirium luteums)

Phonetic Spelling:kam-e-lir-i-um LOO-tee-um

Genus:Chamaelirium

Species:luteum

Family:Melanthiaceae

Fairy-Wand is a perennial wildflower indigenous to eastern North America. This species exhibits distinct male and female plants, with the male flowers being notably larger and the flower spikes often bending downward from the tip.

It thrives in lush woodlands, wet savannas, and damp meadows, as well as on slopes and in thickets. The plant favors organically rich, moist, acidic, and well-drained soils, ideally in partial to full shade. It is crucial to keep the soil consistently moist, as it should not be allowed to dry out. Unfortunately, Fairy-Wand has become scarce in many areas of its natural range, and it is advised not to harvest it from the wild.

Propagation can occur through seeds or by dividing the rhizomes. Since the plants are dioecious, both male and female specimens are necessary for seed production.

Fairy-Wand is well-suited for use in woodland gardens, naturalized spaces, and native plant gardens.

Chamaelirium luteum Feature Summary

Chamaelirium luteum Image Gallery

Tags

#showy flowers
#white flowers
#shade tolerant
#mass planting
#NC native
#native garden
#borders
#native wildflower
#wildflower garden
#naturalized area
#food source pollen
#Piedmont Mountains FACU
#Coastal FACU
#bee friendly
#audubon
#woodlands

Similar Plants

Chamaelirium luteum Feature Summary

Attributes
Rhizomes and roots are used to treat female issues
Ontario to Eastern U.S.A
AL , AR , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , IL , IN , KY , LA , MA , MD , MI , MS , NC , NJ , NY , OH , PA , SC , TN , VA , WV
Perennial
Fruit
3-valved, ellipsoid capsules. Fruit is available September-November.
< 1 inch
Flowers
Small, white flowers are tightly clustered on a 4-8 inch long spike or raceme at the end of an 8-18 in. stem. Male and female flowers on separate plants with male raceme being larger with tips curving downward. Flowers bloom March-May.
6 petals/rays
< 1 inch
Leaves
3-8 in. basal leaves are smooth, narrow, spoon-shaped and form a rosette. Stem leaves are smaller.
Lanceolate
Oblanceolate
Spatulate
3-6 inches
1-3 inches
Whole Plant Traits
Cultural Conditions
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Acid (<6.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
9a
9b
High Organic Matter
Landscape
Cottage Garden
Native Garden
Border
Mass Planting
Woodland
Naturalized Area
Songbirds
Bees

Chamaelirium luteum Attributes

Chamaelirium luteum: Uses (Ethnobotany)

Rhizomes and roots are used to treat female issues

Chamaelirium luteum: Country Or Region Of Origin

Ontario to Eastern U.S.A

Chamaelirium luteum: Distribution

AL , AR , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , IL , IN , KY , LA , MA , MD , MI , MS , NC , NJ , NY , OH , PA , SC , TN , VA , WV

Chamaelirium luteum: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Chamaelirium luteum: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Chamaelirium luteum Fruit

Chamaelirium luteum: Fruit Description

3-valved, ellipsoid capsules. Fruit is available September-November.

Chamaelirium luteum: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Chamaelirium luteum: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Chamaelirium luteum: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Chamaelirium luteum: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Chamaelirium luteum Flowers

Chamaelirium luteum: Flower Description

Small, white flowers are tightly clustered on a 4-8 inch long spike or raceme at the end of an 8-18 in. stem. Male and female flowers on separate plants with male raceme being larger with tips curving downward. Flowers bloom March-May.

Chamaelirium luteum: Flower Color

filter_vintage
White

Chamaelirium luteum: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Chamaelirium luteum: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Chamaelirium luteum: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Chamaelirium luteum: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Chamaelirium luteum: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Chamaelirium luteum Leaves

Chamaelirium luteum: Leaf Description

3-8 in. basal leaves are smooth, narrow, spoon-shaped and form a rosette. Stem leaves are smaller.

Chamaelirium luteum: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Chamaelirium luteum: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Chamaelirium luteum: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Chamaelirium luteum: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Chamaelirium luteum: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Chamaelirium luteum: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Chamaelirium luteum: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Chamaelirium luteum: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Chamaelirium luteum: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Chamaelirium luteum: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Chamaelirium luteum Whole Plant Traits

Chamaelirium luteum: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Chamaelirium luteum: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Chamaelirium luteum: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Chamaelirium luteum: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Chamaelirium luteum Cultural Conditions

Chamaelirium luteum: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Chamaelirium luteum: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Chamaelirium luteum: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Chamaelirium luteum: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Chamaelirium luteum: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Chamaelirium luteum: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Chamaelirium luteum: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Chamaelirium luteum Stem

Chamaelirium luteum: Stem Color

grass
Green

Chamaelirium luteum: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Chamaelirium luteum Landscape

Chamaelirium luteum: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Chamaelirium luteum: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Chamaelirium luteum: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Chamaelirium luteum: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees