• Photo of Chimaphila maculata (Chimaphila maculatas)

Plant Profile: Chimaphila maculata

Taxonomy: Chimaphila maculata

Names

Pipsissewa, Spotted Wintergreen, Striped Wintergreen

  • Photo of Chimaphila maculata (Chimaphila maculatas)

Phonetic Spelling:ky-MAF-ih-luh mak-yuh-LAY-tuh

Genus:Chimaphila

Species:maculata

Family:Ericaceae

Stripped Wintergreen is a native, evergreen wildflower belonging to the shinleaf family, typically found in the dry woodlands of the eastern United States. A distinctive feature of this plant is the white midrib stripe that runs along its dark green leaves. In the summer, it produces fragrant flowers that range from white to a pinkish hue, appearing in small, nodding clusters. In certain states, it is classified as endangered.

This species thrives in well-drained, acidic sandy soils and prefers shady environments. It is ideal for use as ground cover in dry woodland areas or beneath shrubs, adding a splash of color to the landscape.

It is important to note that the foliage of Stripped Wintergreen is toxic to sheep and is generally avoided by deer.

Chimaphila maculata Feature Summary

Chimaphila maculata Image Gallery

Tags

#evergreen
#white flowers
#shade tolerant
#NC native
#well-drained soil
#native garden
#groundcover
#native wildflower
#wildflower garden
#dry soils tolerant
#woodlands

Similar Plants

Chimaphila maculata Feature Summary

Attributes
Native Americans used its leaf tea to treat rheumatism and stomach problems, and crushed leaves were applied as a poultice to sores and wounds
South East Canada to Central America
USA: AL , AZ , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , IL , IN , KY , MA , MD , ME , MI , MS , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , PA , RI , SC , TN , VA , VT , WV Canada: ON , QC
Deer resistant.
Perennial
Fruit
seed capsules are about 1/3 inch across and dark brown at maturity;
< 1 inch
Flowers
1 inch long nodding, fragrant, waxy, white or pinkish flowers in clusters of 2-5 with 5 petals that have small scattered brown spots. Blooms June-August.
Pink
White
Brown/Copper
4-5 petals/rays
< 1 inch
Leaves
Evergreen 1-3 inch long and 1/4- 1 inch wide lance-shaped to oval leaves are leathery and dark green with a white stripe along the midvein. The underside is pale green and the margins have widely spaced teeth. There are two pairs of smaller leaves at the base and a whorl of 3 larger leaves below the flower.
Green
White
Opposite
Whorled
Ovate
Lanceolate
1-3 inches
Leathery
Showy
Long-lasting
< 1 inch
Stem
Stout reddish-brown stems are semi-woody.
Smooth (glabrous)
Whole Plant Traits
Native Plant
Wildflower
Ground Cover
Cultural Conditions
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Acid (<6.0)
Good Drainage
Very Dry
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
Landscape
Native Garden
Shade Garden
Mass Planting
Woodland
Naturalized Area

Chimaphila maculata Attributes

Chimaphila maculata: Uses (Ethnobotany)

Native Americans used its leaf tea to treat rheumatism and stomach problems, and crushed leaves were applied as a poultice to sores and wounds

Chimaphila maculata: Country Or Region Of Origin

South East Canada to Central America

Chimaphila maculata: Distribution

USA: AL , AZ , CT , DC , DE , FL , GA , IL , IN , KY , MA , MD , ME , MI , MS , NC , NH , NJ , NY , OH , PA , RI , SC , TN , VA , VT , WV Canada: ON , QC

Chimaphila maculata: Wildlife Value

Deer resistant.

Chimaphila maculata: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Chimaphila maculata Fruit

Chimaphila maculata: Fruit Description

seed capsules are about 1/3 inch across and dark brown at maturity;

Chimaphila maculata: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Chimaphila maculata: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Chimaphila maculata: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Chimaphila maculata Flowers

Chimaphila maculata: Flower Description

1 inch long nodding, fragrant, waxy, white or pinkish flowers in clusters of 2-5 with 5 petals that have small scattered brown spots. Blooms June-August.

Chimaphila maculata: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Brown/Copper
filter_vintage
Pink
filter_vintage
White

Chimaphila maculata: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Chimaphila maculata: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Chimaphila maculata: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Chimaphila maculata: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Chimaphila maculata: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Chimaphila maculata: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Chimaphila maculata Leaves

Chimaphila maculata: Leaf Description

Evergreen 1-3 inch long and 1/4- 1 inch wide lance-shaped to oval leaves are leathery and dark green with a white stripe along the midvein. The underside is pale green and the margins have widely spaced teeth. There are two pairs of smaller leaves at the base and a whorl of 3 larger leaves below the flower.

Chimaphila maculata: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Chimaphila maculata: Leaf Color

spa
Green
spa
White

Chimaphila maculata: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Chimaphila maculata: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Chimaphila maculata: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Chimaphila maculata: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Chimaphila maculata: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Chimaphila maculata: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Chimaphila maculata: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Chimaphila maculata: Leaf Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long-lasting
Showy

Chimaphila maculata: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Chimaphila maculata Stem

Chimaphila maculata: Stem Description

Stout reddish-brown stems are semi-woody.

Chimaphila maculata: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Chimaphila maculata: Stem Cross Section

Angular
Oval
Round
Square

Chimaphila maculata: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Chimaphila maculata Whole Plant Traits

Chimaphila maculata: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Chimaphila maculata: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Chimaphila maculata: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Chimaphila maculata: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Chimaphila maculata: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Chimaphila maculata Cultural Conditions

Chimaphila maculata: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Chimaphila maculata: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Chimaphila maculata: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Chimaphila maculata: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Chimaphila maculata: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b

Chimaphila maculata: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Chimaphila maculata Landscape

Chimaphila maculata: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Chimaphila maculata: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Chimaphila maculata: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Chimaphila maculata: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Chimaphila maculata: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees