• Photo of Clematis (Clematiss)

Plant Profile: Clematis

Taxonomy: Clematis

Names

Clematis, Leatherflower, Leather Flower, Old Man's Beard, Traveller's Joy, Vase Vine, Virgin's Bower

  • Photo of Clematis (Clematiss)

Phonetic Spelling:KLEM-ah-tiss

Genus:Clematis

Species:

Family:Ranunculaceae

Clematis thrive in full sunlight, ideally with some afternoon shade in regions that experience hot summers. It's important to keep their roots protected with mulch or ground cover. These plants favor moist, well-drained soil that has a neutral to slightly alkaline pH. Since clematis have deep root systems, ensure they receive ample watering. Additionally, their stems are delicate and should be handled with care.

Clematis are categorized into three pruning groups:

- **Group 1**: These plants flower on old wood and typically do not require pruning, except for size control. If necessary, prune lightly after flowering, cutting back to a pair of healthy buds.

- **Group 2**: These clematis bloom first on old wood and then again on new growth. In early spring, perform light pruning to shape the plant and remove any weak stems, and consider additional pruning after flowering if desired.

- **Group 3**: This group produces flowers solely on new wood and can be cut back to the ground in either fall or spring.

Clematis Feature Summary

Clematis Image Gallery

Tags

#hummingbirds
#poisonous
#full sun tolerant
#fall flowers
#perennial
#white flowers
#purple flowers
#pink flowers
#red flowers
#toxic
#blue flowers
#shade garden
#apvg
#fall interest
#cottage garden
#moist soil
#NC native
#spreading
#vines
#climbing vines
#neutral ph
#summer flowers
#lavender flowers
#glossy leaves
#rich soil
#self-seeding
#spring interest
#alkaline soil tolerant
#wildflower garden
#leathery leaves
#asian garden
#wet soils tolerant
#butterfly friendly
#partial shade tolerant
#problem for cats
#apvg-vg
#problem for dogs
#bee friendly
#problem for horses
#woodlands
#container plants

Similar Plants

Clematis is often confused with:

Clematis Feature Summary

Attributes
Clematis species have been traditionally used in several cultures for their anti-inflammatory effects.
N. America, Europe, India, Australia, China, Japan, New Zealand
temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere
Clematis leaves are food for the caterpillars of some Lepidoptera species, including the willow beauty (Peribatodes rhomboidaria). Varieties attract bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, other birds may nest in the vines.
Perennial
Woody
Stem Cutting
Division
Layering
Fruit
many small, dry fruits each with a silky-plumose tail
Brown/Copper
Flowers
flowers with 4-8 petal-like parts of various colors, many stamens
Pink
Purple/Lavender
White
Red/Burgundy
Blue
Variegated
Spring
Summer
Fall
4-5 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
Star
Cross
Trumpet
Leaves
leaves alternate, pinnately divided
Deciduous
Broadleaf Evergreen
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Opposite
Alternate
Elliptical
Cordate
Lanceolate
Deltoid
Entire
Serrate
Glossy
Leathery
Poisonous to Humans
Clematis can cause severe mouth pain and ulcers if eaten. Toxic to dogs, cats, horses. Clinical signs are salivation, vomiting, diarrhea. In humans, symptoms may include dizziness, confusion, fainting, and convulsions. Fatalities are rare, due to the rapid and intense bitter taste and mouth irritation from eating. Gastric lavage is recommended and anti-inflammatory to soothe irritated tissue. Contact dermatitis results in skin redness and burning sensation for some people, gardening gloves are recommended.
Leaves
Sap/Juice
Whole Plant Traits
Perennial
Shrub
Poisonous
Vine
Wildflower
Deciduous
Broadleaf Evergreen
Dense
Spreading
Climbing
Tendrils
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
3 feet-6 feet
12 inches-3 feet
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
3a
3b
9a
9b
High Organic Matter
Landscape
Cutting Garden
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Cottage Garden
Asian Garden
Accent
Screen/Privacy
Specimen
Deer
Rabbits
Black Walnut
Container
Woodland
Naturalized Area
Vertical Spaces
Butterflies
Bees
Hummingbirds
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Contact Dermatitis
Problem for Children

Clematis Attributes

Clematis: Uses (Ethnobotany)

Clematis species have been traditionally used in several cultures for their anti-inflammatory effects.

Clematis: Country Or Region Of Origin

N. America, Europe, India, Australia, China, Japan, New Zealand

Clematis: Distribution

temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere

Clematis: Wildlife Value

Clematis leaves are food for the caterpillars of some Lepidoptera species, including the willow beauty (Peribatodes rhomboidaria). Varieties attract bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, other birds may nest in the vines.

Clematis: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Clematis: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Clematis Fruit

Clematis: Fruit Description

many small, dry fruits each with a silky-plumose tail

Clematis: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Clematis: Fruit Color

grass
Brown/Copper

Clematis Flowers

Clematis: Flower Description

flowers with 4-8 petal-like parts of various colors, many stamens

Clematis: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Blue
filter_vintage
Pink
filter_vintage
Purple/Lavender
filter_vintage
Red/Burgundy
filter_vintage
Variegated
filter_vintage
White

Clematis: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Clematis: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Clematis: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Clematis: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Clematis: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Clematis Leaves

Clematis: Leaf Description

leaves alternate, pinnately divided

Clematis: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Clematis: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Clematis: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Clematis: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Clematis: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Clematis: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Clematis: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Clematis: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Clematis Poisonous to Humans

Clematis: Poison Symptoms

Clematis can cause severe mouth pain and ulcers if eaten. Toxic to dogs, cats, horses. Clinical signs are salivation, vomiting, diarrhea. In humans, symptoms may include dizziness, confusion, fainting, and convulsions. Fatalities are rare, due to the rapid and intense bitter taste and mouth irritation from eating. Gastric lavage is recommended and anti-inflammatory to soothe irritated tissue. Contact dermatitis results in skin redness and burning sensation for some people, gardening gloves are recommended.

Clematis: Poison Toxic Principle

protoanemonin

Clematis: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Clematis: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Clematis: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Clematis Whole Plant Traits

Clematis: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Clematis: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Clematis: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Clematis: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Clematis: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Clematis: Appendage

Prickles
Spines
Tendrils
Thorns

Clematis Cultural Conditions

Clematis: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Clematis: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Clematis: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Clematis: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Clematis: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Clematis: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
3a
thermostat
3b
thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Clematis: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Clematis Stem

Clematis: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Clematis Landscape

Clematis: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Clematis: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Clematis: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Clematis: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Clematis: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Clematis: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy