Plant Profile: Dittrichia graveolens

Stinkwort, an annual weed originally from parts of Europe and the Western Himalayas, has proliferated beyond its native habitat, particularly in California and Australia. It has also been identified in states such as New York, New Jersey, Connecticut, and South Carolina.

This weed emits a potent-smelling oil from glands located in its leaves and stems, which can lead to contact dermatitis due to its sticky foliage. Therefore, it is advisable to wear protective gloves and clothing when handling it. Additionally, Stinkwort poses a risk to livestock and horses, potentially causing illness or even death. Its flowers produce hairy fruits adorned with fine, barbed bristles that can puncture the stomach, intestines, and bowels of animals if ingested. Furthermore, the oil can adversely affect the flavor of meat and dairy products.

Commonly referred to as Camphor Inula, Cape Khakiweed, and Stinking Fleabane, Stinkwort belongs to the Asteraceae family. The genus name, Dittrichia, honors the German botanist Manfred Dittrich, while the species name, graveolens, is derived from Latin, meaning "strongly scented."

The plant is upright and multi-branched, typically reaching heights of over three feet. Its basal leaves form a rosette, while the stem leaves are smaller and arranged alternately. Small, daisy-like flowers bloom in the fall, and the seeds are oval, covered in fine hairs, and topped with bristles. These seeds germinate during winter and spring, dispersing through wind, water, or by attaching to animals, clothing, or equipment.

Stinkwort exhibits a unique life cycle for an annual plant. It emerges in May, developing branches and leaves from June through September, and produces flowers and seeds from September to December.

This weed poses a significant threat to agricultural areas, often found along roadsides, grazing lands, wastelands, and other disturbed sites. Effectively managing Stinkwort requires the appropriate control measures to be implemented at the right time.