• Photo of Epilobium angustifolium (Epilobium angustifoliums)

Plant Profile: Epilobium angustifolium

Taxonomy: Epilobium angustifolium

Names

Blooming Sally, Fireweed, Fire Weed, Great Willowherb, Great Willow Herb, Willow Herb

  • Photo of Epilobium angustifolium (Epilobium angustifoliums)

Phonetic Spelling:ep-ih-LOW-bee-um an-gus-tee-FOH-lee-um

Genus:Epilobium

Species:angustifolium

Family:Onagraceae

A perennial wildflower with rhizomatous growth, this plant thrives in full sun to partial shade and prefers soil rich in organic matter that is well-drained. While it can face challenges during the hot summers in the southern regions, where it benefits from afternoon shade and moist conditions, it flourishes best in the mountainous areas of the state. This species can be found in diverse environments such as roadsides, clearings, and open woodlands. Its common name is derived from its tendency to emerge following wildfires. Ideal for informal landscaping, it can be planted in meadows, woodland gardens, borders, or grouped in rock or cottage gardens. To promote additional blooms, it is advisable to remove spent flowers before they set seed.

Regarding pests and diseases, snails and slugs may occasionally visit the plant. Additionally, issues like powdery mildew, rust, and leaf spot can arise from time to time. The seeds, which are dispersed by the wind, can lead to the plant becoming weedy and aggressive in certain areas.

Epilobium angustifolium Feature Summary

Epilobium angustifolium Image Gallery

Tags

#showy flowers
#perennial
#wildlife plant
#weedy
#honey bees
#nectar plant
#fall interest
#cottage garden
#mass planting
#aggressive
#airy
#summer flowers
#autumn
#naturalizes
#rock gardens
#english garden
#wildflower garden
#billowy
#robust
#non-toxic for horses
#non-toxic for dogs
#non-toxic for cats
#woodlands

Similar Plants

Epilobium angustifolium Feature Summary

Attributes
Honeybees are attracted to the flowers and the nectar from fireweed makes delicious honey.
Perennial
Fruit
seed pod contains numerous seeds with a tuft of silky hairs at one end. Seeds are wind-dispersed.
Flowers
1-1.5 in. deep pink to magenta-purple saucer-shaped flowers on an elongated, slender, drooping inflorescence; four roundish petals. Blooms in summer from the bottom to the top of the stem in terminal racemes.
Pink
Purple/Lavender
4-5 petals/rays
1-3 inches
Leaves
2"-8" in. long 3/4" wide willow-like lanceolate or linear leaves with pinnate veins
Linear
Lanceolate
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
Stem
Reddish green, unbranched, stiff, upright
Green
Red/Burgundy
Whole Plant Traits
Herbaceous Perennial
Wildflower
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Good Drainage
Moist
3 feet-6 feet
12 inches-3 feet
Mountains
Shallow Rocky
Landscape
Rock Garden
Cottage Garden
Border
Mass Planting
Small groups
Woodland
Naturalized Area

Epilobium angustifolium Attributes

Epilobium angustifolium: Country Or Region Of Origin

Greenlan, Eurasia

Epilobium angustifolium: Wildlife Value

Honeybees are attracted to the flowers and the nectar from fireweed makes delicious honey.

Epilobium angustifolium: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Epilobium angustifolium: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Epilobium angustifolium Fruit

Epilobium angustifolium: Fruit Description

seed pod contains numerous seeds with a tuft of silky hairs at one end. Seeds are wind-dispersed.

Epilobium angustifolium: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Epilobium angustifolium Flowers

Epilobium angustifolium: Flower Description

1-1.5 in. deep pink to magenta-purple saucer-shaped flowers on an elongated, slender, drooping inflorescence; four roundish petals. Blooms in summer from the bottom to the top of the stem in terminal racemes.

Epilobium angustifolium: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Pink
filter_vintage
Purple/Lavender

Epilobium angustifolium: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Epilobium angustifolium: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Epilobium angustifolium: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Epilobium angustifolium: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Epilobium angustifolium: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Epilobium angustifolium: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Epilobium angustifolium Leaves

Epilobium angustifolium: Leaf Description

2"-8" in. long 3/4" wide willow-like lanceolate or linear leaves with pinnate veins

Epilobium angustifolium: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Epilobium angustifolium: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Epilobium angustifolium: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Epilobium angustifolium: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Epilobium angustifolium: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Epilobium angustifolium: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Epilobium angustifolium: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Epilobium angustifolium: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Epilobium angustifolium Stem

Epilobium angustifolium: Stem Description

Reddish green, unbranched, stiff, upright

Epilobium angustifolium: Stem Color

grass
Green
grass
Red/Burgundy

Epilobium angustifolium: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Epilobium angustifolium Whole Plant Traits

Epilobium angustifolium: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Epilobium angustifolium: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Epilobium angustifolium: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Epilobium angustifolium: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Epilobium angustifolium Cultural Conditions

Epilobium angustifolium: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Epilobium angustifolium: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Epilobium angustifolium: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Epilobium angustifolium: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Epilobium angustifolium: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Epilobium angustifolium Landscape

Epilobium angustifolium: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Epilobium angustifolium: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Epilobium angustifolium: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland