• Photo of Hydrangea arborescens (Hydrangea arborescenss)

Plant Profile: Hydrangea arborescens

Taxonomy: Hydrangea arborescens

Names

Hills of Snow, Hortensia, Hydrangea, Sevenbark, Seven Bark, Smooth Hydrangea, Wild Hydrangea

  • Photo of Hydrangea arborescens (Hydrangea arborescenss)

Phonetic Spelling:hy-DRAN-jee-ah ar-bor-ESS-sens

Genus:Hydrangea

Species:arborescens

Family:Hydrangeaceae

Hydrangea arborescens, often referred to as smooth hydrangea or wild hydrangea, thrives in moist or rocky wooded areas, ravines, along streambanks, and at the bases of bluffs. This species is notably resilient to cold temperatures but can also flourish in warmer regions. In North Carolina, Hydrangea arborescens is the most prevalent variety. It grows best in average, moderately moist, well-drained soils and prefers partial shade, although it can withstand full sun if it receives adequate moisture. However, it is sensitive to drought conditions, and its leaves may suffer in dry spells. This plant produces blooms on new growth, so it is advisable to prune it back close to the ground in late winter to promote robust stem development. If pruning is not performed, any weak or damaged stems should be removed in early spring.

There are several named cultivars that feature sterile flowers, resulting in a rounded bloom shape. Additionally, some modern hybrids have been developed to showcase pink flowers. Unlike many other hydrangea varieties, the color of these flowers remains unaffected by soil pH levels.

Wild hydrangea is vulnerable to various issues, including bud blight, bacterial wilt, leaf spots, mold, rust, and powdery mildew. It may also face challenges from pests such as aphids, mites, scale, and nematodes.

Regarding fire safety, this plant is rated as having low flammability.

Hydrangea arborescens Feature Summary

Hydrangea arborescens Image Gallery

Tags

#deciduous
#fall color
#poisonous
#rain garden
#wildlife plant
#showy
#honey bees
#nectar plant
#native shrub
#salt tolerant
#low maintenance
#tsc
#fall interest
#rabbit resistant
#food source
#low flammability
#NC native
#stolon
#neutral ph
#deer resistant
#native garden
#fire resistant
#colonies
#naturalizes
#pollinator plant
#suckers
#food source fall
#food source herbage
#food source pollen
#coastal UPL
#wet soils tolerant
#rocky soils tolerant
#clay soils tolerant
#bird friendly
#nectar plant late spring
#food source hard mast fruit
#butterfly friendly
#nectar plant early summer
#nectar plant mid-summer
#Piedmont Mountains FACU
#problem for cats
#tsc-s
#pollinator garden
#problem for dogs
#bee friendly
#problem for horses
#audubon
#shallow soil tolerant

Similar Plants

Hydrangea arborescens Feature Summary

Attributes
It was used by the Cherokees as an emetic, and as an antiseptic. The inner bark and leaves were chewed as a stimulant, for stomach problems and high blood pressure. A poultice of scraped bark was used for burns and sore or swollen muscles.
New York to Florida, west to Iowa, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Louisiana.
The wild hydrangea flowers are attractive to butterflies and other pollinators. Songbirds eat the seeds. It is the host plant of the hydrangea sphinx moth.
The Cherokee would eat the new growth of young twigs peeled, boiled or fried.
Perennial
Woody
Seed
Stem Cutting
Layering
Wildlife Food Source
Attracts Pollinators
Colorful
Attractive Flowers
Wildlife Larval Host
low flammability
Fruit
Dehiscent ribbed brown capsules which ripen in July-September.
Brown/Copper
< 1 inch
Flowers
The wild hydrangea has tiny white fertile flowers that bloom in May-July in flattened hairy clusters (corymbs to 2-6”across). Scattered continuing flowering may occur throughout summer to September. A few large sterile flowers usually appear at the cluster margins (usually not enough for a quality lacecap effect). Flowers give way to dehiscent seed capsules which ripen in October-November. The native Smooth Hydrangea is white, 6 to 8 inches, flattened corymb in summer; opens white then turns green and brown. The named cultivars have typical ball-shaped hydrangea flowers 8 to 12 inches across. Newer cultivars can be found with pink flowers.
Pink
White
Green
Cream/Tan
Showy
Long Bloom Season
Good Dried
Spring
Summer
4-5 petals/rays
Dome
Radial
Wheel
< 1 inch
Leaves
The wild hydrangea has gray-brown stems are clad with opposite, simple, broad egg-shaped to rounded, sharply toothed, dark green leaves (2-6” long) with pale green undersides. The leaves turn yellow in fall. The lower leaf surface is smooth or with inconspicuous fine hairs.
Gold/Yellow
Insignificant
Ovate
Cordate
Obovate
> 6 inches
3-6 inches
Bark
Brown and finely shredded, peels off in thin layers with different colors.
Light Gray
Light Brown
Shredding
Peeling
Poisonous to Humans
TOXIC ONLY IF LARGE QUANTITIES EATEN. Nausea, stomach pain, vomiting, depression, diarrhea, and sweating. Cyanide intoxication is rare - usually produces more of a gastrointestinal disturbance.
Hydrangin, a cyanogenic glycoside
Leaves
Stems
Flowers
Bark
Whole Plant Traits
Shrub
Native Plant
Poisonous
Multi-stemmed
Rounded
Open
Clumping
Coarse
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
3a
3b
9a
9b
Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky
Landscape
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Native Garden
Shade Garden
Border
Mass Planting
Specimen
Deer
Rabbits
Salt
Erosion
Black Walnut
Fire
Woodland
Naturalized Area
Slope/Bank
Butterflies
Pollinators
Songbirds
Moths
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses

Hydrangea arborescens Attributes

Hydrangea arborescens: Uses (Ethnobotany)

It was used by the Cherokees as an emetic, and as an antiseptic. The inner bark and leaves were chewed as a stimulant, for stomach problems and high blood pressure. A poultice of scraped bark was used for burns and sore or swollen muscles.

Hydrangea arborescens: Country Or Region Of Origin

Eastern U.S.

Hydrangea arborescens: Distribution

New York to Florida, west to Iowa, Missouri, Oklahoma, and Louisiana.

Hydrangea arborescens: Wildlife Value

The wild hydrangea flowers are attractive to butterflies and other pollinators. Songbirds eat the seeds. It is the host plant of the hydrangea sphinx moth.

Hydrangea arborescens: Edibility

The Cherokee would eat the new growth of young twigs peeled, boiled or fried.

Hydrangea arborescens: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Hydrangea arborescens: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Hydrangea arborescens: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Hydrangea arborescens: Fire Risk Rating

extreme flammability
high flammability
low flammability
medium flammability

Hydrangea arborescens Fruit

Hydrangea arborescens: Fruit Description

Dehiscent ribbed brown capsules which ripen in July-September.

Hydrangea arborescens: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Hydrangea arborescens: Fruit Color

grass
Brown/Copper

Hydrangea arborescens: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Hydrangea arborescens: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Hydrangea arborescens: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Hydrangea arborescens Flowers

Hydrangea arborescens: Flower Description

The wild hydrangea has tiny white fertile flowers that bloom in May-July in flattened hairy clusters (corymbs to 2-6”across). Scattered continuing flowering may occur throughout summer to September. A few large sterile flowers usually appear at the cluster margins (usually not enough for a quality lacecap effect). Flowers give way to dehiscent seed capsules which ripen in October-November. The native Smooth Hydrangea is white, 6 to 8 inches, flattened corymb in summer; opens white then turns green and brown. The named cultivars have typical ball-shaped hydrangea flowers 8 to 12 inches across. Newer cultivars can be found with pink flowers.

Hydrangea arborescens: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Cream/Tan
filter_vintage
Green
filter_vintage
Pink
filter_vintage
White

Hydrangea arborescens: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Hydrangea arborescens: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Hydrangea arborescens: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Hydrangea arborescens: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Hydrangea arborescens: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Hydrangea arborescens: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Hydrangea arborescens Leaves

Hydrangea arborescens: Leaf Description

The wild hydrangea has gray-brown stems are clad with opposite, simple, broad egg-shaped to rounded, sharply toothed, dark green leaves (2-6” long) with pale green undersides. The leaves turn yellow in fall. The lower leaf surface is smooth or with inconspicuous fine hairs.

Hydrangea arborescens: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Hydrangea arborescens: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Hydrangea arborescens: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Gold/Yellow
spa
Insignificant

Hydrangea arborescens: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Hydrangea arborescens: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Hydrangea arborescens: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Hydrangea arborescens: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Hydrangea arborescens: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Hydrangea arborescens: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Hydrangea arborescens: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Hydrangea arborescens Bark

Hydrangea arborescens: Bark Description

Brown and finely shredded, peels off in thin layers with different colors.

Hydrangea arborescens: Bark Color

grass
Light Brown
grass
Light Gray

Hydrangea arborescens: Surface/Attachment

Bumpy
Exfoliating
Fissured
Furrowed
Lenticels
Papery
Patchy
Peeling
Ridges
Scaly
Shaggy
Shiny
Shredding
Smooth
Spongy

Hydrangea arborescens Poisonous to Humans

Hydrangea arborescens: Poison Symptoms

TOXIC ONLY IF LARGE QUANTITIES EATEN. Nausea, stomach pain, vomiting, depression, diarrhea, and sweating. Cyanide intoxication is rare - usually produces more of a gastrointestinal disturbance.

Hydrangea arborescens: Poison Toxic Principle

Hydrangin, a cyanogenic glycoside

Hydrangea arborescens: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Hydrangea arborescens: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Hydrangea arborescens: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Hydrangea arborescens Whole Plant Traits

Hydrangea arborescens: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Hydrangea arborescens: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Hydrangea arborescens: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Hydrangea arborescens: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Hydrangea arborescens: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Hydrangea arborescens: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Hydrangea arborescens Cultural Conditions

Hydrangea arborescens: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Hydrangea arborescens: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Hydrangea arborescens: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Hydrangea arborescens: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Hydrangea arborescens: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Hydrangea arborescens: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
3a
thermostat
3b
thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Hydrangea arborescens: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Hydrangea arborescens Stem

Hydrangea arborescens: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Hydrangea arborescens Landscape

Hydrangea arborescens: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Hydrangea arborescens: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Hydrangea arborescens: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Hydrangea arborescens: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Hydrangea arborescens: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Hydrangea arborescens: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy