Plant Profile: Ornithogalum

Taxonomy: Ornithogalum

Names

Cape Hyacinth, Spire Lily, Star of Bethlehem, Summer Hyacinth

  • Photo of Ornithogalum (Ornithogalums)

Phonetic Spelling:or-nith-oh-GAY-lum

Genus:Ornithogalum

Species:

Family:Asparagaceae

This aromatic and visually striking bulb thrives in rich, well-drained soil and should be planted at a depth of 4 inches (10 cm), with spacing of 2 to 5 inches (5-12 cm) between each bulb. It adds a beautiful touch to border fronts but can also serve as an effective ground cover or be cultivated in containers. Keep in mind that it prefers not to be disturbed, so selecting the right location is crucial.

As other perennial flowers begin to fade, these tall spikes adorned with white flowers emerge in late summer and early fall. Rising above long, dark green, strap-like leaves, these spikes can reach heights of up to 4 feet and bear as many as 30 pendant, bell-shaped blooms each. The flowers are long-lasting and make for stunning cut flowers in arrangements, opening gradually from the bottom to the top of the spike, while the leaves slowly die back after blooming.

This plant is adaptable to a variety of climates and is classified as a semi-hardy Tender III, suffering damage when temperatures drop below 28 degrees Fahrenheit. In colder regions, the bulbs can be lifted, dried, and stored over the winter for spring planting. When planting, ensure bulbs are buried to a depth of 6 inches (15 cm) and spaced 8 to 12 inches (20-30 cm) apart. It naturalizes effortlessly and flourishes best in full sun to partial shade.

Ornithogalum Feature Summary

Ornithogalum Image Gallery

Tags

#bulb
#showy flowers
#fragrant flowers
#white flowers
#perennial bulb
#cut flowers
#cottage garden
#flower arrangements
#moist soil
#well-drained soil
#children's garden
#summer bulbs
#tender bulb
#english garden
#naturalized area
#border front
#late summer flowers
#walkway planting
#flowers early fall
#non-toxic for horses
#non-toxic for dogs
#non-toxic for cats
#container plants

Similar Plants

Ornithogalum Feature Summary

Attributes
Bulbs can be lifted, dried, and stored over the winter in colder climates. Store bulbs dry in vermiculite at 63-72 degrees F (17-23C).
Perennial
Bulb
Flowers
White bell-shaped flowers with green center that are long lasting, fragrant, and make good cut flowers. Blooms open gradually from the bottom to top of the spike.
White
Green
Fragrant
Good Cut
Long-lasting
6 petals/rays
Leaves
Strap-shaped foliage dies down after the flowers fade.
Linear
Lanceolate
Whole Plant Traits
Perennial
Bulb
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Good Drainage
Less than 12 inches
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
9a
9b
10a
10b
High Organic Matter
Stem
Enclosed in a single cap like scale
Landscape
Cutting Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
English Garden
Container
Walkways
Naturalized Area

Ornithogalum Attributes

Ornithogalum: Bulb Storage

Bulbs can be lifted, dried, and stored over the winter in colder climates. Store bulbs dry in vermiculite at 63-72 degrees F (17-23C).

Ornithogalum: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Ornithogalum Flowers

Ornithogalum: Flower Description

White bell-shaped flowers with green center that are long lasting, fragrant, and make good cut flowers. Blooms open gradually from the bottom to top of the spike.

Ornithogalum: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Green
filter_vintage
White

Ornithogalum: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Ornithogalum: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Ornithogalum: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Ornithogalum: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Ornithogalum: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Ornithogalum Leaves

Ornithogalum: Leaf Description

Strap-shaped foliage dies down after the flowers fade.

Ornithogalum: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Ornithogalum: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Ornithogalum: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Ornithogalum: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Ornithogalum: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Ornithogalum: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Ornithogalum: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Ornithogalum Whole Plant Traits

Ornithogalum: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Ornithogalum: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Ornithogalum: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Ornithogalum Cultural Conditions

Ornithogalum: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Ornithogalum: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Ornithogalum: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Ornithogalum: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Ornithogalum: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
10a
thermostat
10b
thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Ornithogalum: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Ornithogalum Stem

Ornithogalum: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Ornithogalum: Stem Bud Scales

Enclosed in 2 scales
Enclosed in a single cap like scale
Enclosed in more than 2 scales
No scales, covered in hair

Ornithogalum Landscape

Ornithogalum: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Ornithogalum: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Ornithogalum: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Ornithogalum: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland