Plant Profile: Rubus idaeus

Taxonomy: Rubus idaeus

Names

Blackberry, Dewberry, Raspberries, Raspberry, Red Raspberry

  • Photo of Rubus idaeus (Rubus idaeuss)

Phonetic Spelling:ROO-bus eye-DAY-ee-us

Genus:Rubus

Species:idaeus

Family:Rosaceae

The raspberry is a perennial shrub known for its sweet, red fruits that are edible. This species is categorized into two primary varieties: Rubus idaeus var. idaeus, commonly referred to as the European raspberry, which originates from Eurasia, and Rubus idaeus var. strigosus, known as the American red raspberry, which is found across much of North America. A key distinction between the two is that var. strigosus features glandular hairs and peeling bark, characteristics that var. idaeus does not possess. Additionally, var. idaeus typically thrives in higher, drier upland areas.

Rubus idaeus Feature Summary

Rubus idaeus Image Gallery

Tags

#deciduous
#perennial
#shrub
#wildlife plant
#showy
#weedy
#deciduous shrub
#nectar plant
#medicinal
#cover plant
#playground
#prickles
#bramble
#trellises
#dye plant
#children's garden
#red fruits
#edible fruits
#pollinator plant
#edible garden
#food source summer
#food source nectar
#bird friendly
#nectar plant late spring
#butterfly friendly
#nectar plant early summer
#nectar plant mid-spring
#ebh-fn
#pollinator garden
#bee friendly

Similar Plants

Rubus idaeus Feature Summary

Attributes
Attracts pollinators, bees, and butterflies for its nectar. Fruit is eaten by birds and small mammals and plants provide cover.
Fruit can be eaten raw or cooked and delicious when eaten out of hand. The fruit is also used in pies, preserves, and in wines. An herb tea is made from the dried leaves and some say that a type of tea made from raspberry and blackberry leaves is an excellent coffee substitute.
Perennial
Edible fruit
Wildlife Food Source
Attracts Pollinators
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Fruit
Botanically the fruits are not berries (though they are usually called berries)– they are instead made of many small drupes. The fruits hold together in a hollow cone. Cultivars exist in various colors and tend to be more productive than the straight species.
Aggregate
Drupe
Red/Burgundy
Purple/Lavender
Gold/Yellow
Orange
White
< 1 inch
Flowers
Flowers are in clusters, but are occasionally solitary. Each flower has five petals, five sepals, five bracts, numerous stamens, and several pistils clustered on a cone-shaped core known as a receptacle. Blooms from April to June.
Pink
Purple/Lavender
White
Spring
Summer
4-5 petals/rays
Bracts
Colored Sepals
1-3 inches
Leaves
Red raspberry leaves are usually pinnately divided into 3-5 leaflets, infrequently undivided, with pleated wrinkles. Undersides are lighter and fuzzy.
Deciduous
Semi-evergreen
Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Elliptical
Ovate
Serrate
Doubly Serrate
3-6 inches
Prickly
1-3 inches
Stem
Stem surface varies with variety– var. strigosus has glandular hairs while var. idaeus lacks them.
Purple/Lavender
Green
Whole Plant Traits
Perennial
Shrub
Edible
Deciduous
Semi-evergreen
Arching
Erect
Spreading
Coarse
Prickles
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Good Drainage
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape
Edible Garden
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Children's Garden
Screen/Privacy
Barrier
Recreational Play Area
Vertical Spaces
Butterflies
Pollinators
Songbirds
Bees
Small Mammals
Weedy
Spines/Thorns

Rubus idaeus Attributes

Rubus idaeus: Wildlife Value

Attracts pollinators, bees, and butterflies for its nectar. Fruit is eaten by birds and small mammals and plants provide cover.

Rubus idaeus: Edibility

Fruit can be eaten raw or cooked and delicious when eaten out of hand. The fruit is also used in pies, preserves, and in wines. An herb tea is made from the dried leaves and some say that a type of tea made from raspberry and blackberry leaves is an excellent coffee substitute.

Rubus idaeus: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Rubus idaeus: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Rubus idaeus: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Rubus idaeus Fruit

Rubus idaeus: Fruit Description

Botanically the fruits are not berries (though they are usually called berries)– they are instead made of many small drupes. The fruits hold together in a hollow cone. Cultivars exist in various colors and tend to be more productive than the straight species.

Rubus idaeus: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Rubus idaeus: Fruit Color

grass
Gold/Yellow
grass
Orange
grass
Purple/Lavender
grass
Red/Burgundy
grass
White

Rubus idaeus: Fruit Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Rubus idaeus: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Rubus idaeus: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Rubus idaeus: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Rubus idaeus Flowers

Rubus idaeus: Flower Description

Flowers are in clusters, but are occasionally solitary. Each flower has five petals, five sepals, five bracts, numerous stamens, and several pistils clustered on a cone-shaped core known as a receptacle. Blooms from April to June.

Rubus idaeus: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Pink
filter_vintage
Purple/Lavender
filter_vintage
White

Rubus idaeus: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Rubus idaeus: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Rubus idaeus: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Rubus idaeus: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Rubus idaeus: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Rubus idaeus: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Rubus idaeus Leaves

Rubus idaeus: Leaf Description

Red raspberry leaves are usually pinnately divided into 3-5 leaflets, infrequently undivided, with pleated wrinkles. Undersides are lighter and fuzzy.

Rubus idaeus: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Rubus idaeus: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Rubus idaeus: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Rubus idaeus: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Rubus idaeus: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Rubus idaeus: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Rubus idaeus: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Rubus idaeus: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Rubus idaeus: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Rubus idaeus: Leaf Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long-lasting
Showy

Rubus idaeus: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Rubus idaeus Stem

Rubus idaeus: Stem Description

Stem surface varies with variety– var. strigosus has glandular hairs while var. idaeus lacks them.

Rubus idaeus: Stem Color

grass
Green
grass
Purple/Lavender

Rubus idaeus: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Rubus idaeus Whole Plant Traits

Rubus idaeus: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Rubus idaeus: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Rubus idaeus: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Rubus idaeus: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Rubus idaeus: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Rubus idaeus: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Rubus idaeus: Appendage

Prickles
Spines
Tendrils
Thorns

Rubus idaeus Cultural Conditions

Rubus idaeus: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Rubus idaeus: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Rubus idaeus: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Rubus idaeus: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Rubus idaeus: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Rubus idaeus: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b

Rubus idaeus: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Rubus idaeus Landscape

Rubus idaeus: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Rubus idaeus: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Rubus idaeus: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Rubus idaeus: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Rubus idaeus: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Rubus idaeus: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy