• Photo of Smilax glauca (Smilax glaucas)

Plant Profile: Smilax glauca

Taxonomy: Smilax glauca

Names

Cat Greenbriar, Sawbrier, Whiteleaf Greenbrier, Wild Sarsaparilla, Wild Sasparilla

  • Photo of Smilax glauca (Smilax glaucas)

Phonetic Spelling:SMEE-laks GLAW-kah

Genus:Smilax

Species:glauca

Family:Smilacaceae

Smilax glauca is easily identifiable due to its bluish-green to pale underside of the leaves. It is known to be the most invasive species within its genus. In the southern regions of its range, this plant typically remains evergreen. It thrives in a variety of habitats, including dry to moderately moist forests, bottomland and riparian woodlands, bluffs, prairies, abandoned fields, fencerows, pastures, and along roadsides.

This species is not capable of self-fertilization, as its flowers are unisexual, with either male or female blooms present on individual plants. Therefore, to produce seeds, both male and female plants must be cultivated together. Smilax glauca primarily propagates through rhizomes and is adaptable to various soil conditions.

Fire Hazard: This plant has a high flammability rating and should be avoided in the defensible space around your home. It is advisable to choose plants with a low flammability rating for areas closest to your residence.

Smilax glauca Feature Summary

Smilax glauca Image Gallery

Tags

#deciduous
#full sun tolerant
#edible plant
#shrub
#semi-evergreen
#weedy
#medicinal
#barrier
#berries
#dappled shade
#fast growing
#fire
#extreme flammability
#NC native
#fences
#climbing vines
#dioecious
#rhizomes
#pastures
#thickets
#prickly
#native vine
#acidic soil tolerant
#prairies
#perennial weed
#sandy soils tolerant
#clay soils tolerant
#bluff
#partial shade tolerant
#non-toxic for horses
#non-toxic for dogs
#non-toxic for cats
#woodlands

Similar Plants

Smilax glauca is often confused with:

Smilax glauca Feature Summary

Attributes
Stem prickles have been rubbed on the skin as a counter-irritant to relieve localized pains and muscle cramps. The leaves and stems have been made into tea for the treatment of rheumatism and stomach problems. The wilted leaves have also been applied as a poultice to boils.
N. America - New England to Florida, west to Texas, Mexico
Smilax provides cover and protection for many types of birds. Deer, black bears, and rabbits eat the leaves and vines, beavers will eat the roots.
The leaves and roots are edible. Roots can be boiled and made into a jelly or dried and ground into a powder and used when making bread. Young shoots in spring can be eaten either raw or cooked and are similar to asparagus in taste. Early American settlers would mix root pulp with molasses and parched corn and allow it to ferment in order to make a type of 'root beer'
Perennial
Woody
extreme flammability
Fruit
Dark bluish-black berries with glaucus bloom, 1/3" in diameter, appearing in clusters
Black
Blue
< 1 inch
Flowers
Small, greenish-yellow with 6 tepals or 6 stamens, blooming in clusters late spring to early summer.
Gold/Yellow
Green
Spring
Summer
6 petals/rays
Tepals
< 1 inch
Leaves
Leaves are prominently parallel-veined, oblong to narrowly cordate, 2- 4 " long, green or variegated with pale patches above and whitened abaxial leaf surfaces.
Deciduous
Semi-evergreen
Green
White
Variegated
Oblong
Cordate
3-6 inches
1-3 inches
Bark
Greenish brown
Green
Light Brown
Stem
Slender, round, green and often covered with a white waxy bloom, with weak prickles. Thorny stems climb by tendrils.
Whole Plant Traits
Shrub
Native Plant
Vine
Weed
Deciduous
Semi-evergreen
Climbing
Tendrils
Prickles
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasionally Dry
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
9a
9b
10a
10b
Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky
Landscape
Edible Garden
Screen/Privacy
Barrier
Security
Woodland
Naturalized Area
Vertical Spaces
Songbirds
Small Mammals
Weedy
Spines/Thorns

Smilax glauca Attributes

Smilax glauca: Uses (Ethnobotany)

Stem prickles have been rubbed on the skin as a counter-irritant to relieve localized pains and muscle cramps. The leaves and stems have been made into tea for the treatment of rheumatism and stomach problems. The wilted leaves have also been applied as a poultice to boils.

Smilax glauca: Country Or Region Of Origin

N. America - New England to Florida, west to Texas, Mexico

Smilax glauca: Wildlife Value

Smilax provides cover and protection for many types of birds. Deer, black bears, and rabbits eat the leaves and vines, beavers will eat the roots.

Smilax glauca: Edibility

The leaves and roots are edible. Roots can be boiled and made into a jelly or dried and ground into a powder and used when making bread. Young shoots in spring can be eaten either raw or cooked and are similar to asparagus in taste. Early American settlers would mix root pulp with molasses and parched corn and allow it to ferment in order to make a type of 'root beer'

Smilax glauca: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Smilax glauca: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Smilax glauca: Fire Risk Rating

extreme flammability
high flammability
low flammability
medium flammability

Smilax glauca: Climbing Method

Clinging
Scrambler
Tendrils
Twining

Smilax glauca Fruit

Smilax glauca: Fruit Description

Dark bluish-black berries with glaucus bloom, 1/3" in diameter, appearing in clusters

Smilax glauca: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Smilax glauca: Fruit Color

grass
Black
grass
Blue

Smilax glauca: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Smilax glauca: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Smilax glauca: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Smilax glauca Flowers

Smilax glauca: Flower Description

Small, greenish-yellow with 6 tepals or 6 stamens, blooming in clusters late spring to early summer.

Smilax glauca: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow
filter_vintage
Green

Smilax glauca: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Smilax glauca: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Smilax glauca: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Smilax glauca: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Smilax glauca: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Smilax glauca Leaves

Smilax glauca: Leaf Description

Leaves are prominently parallel-veined, oblong to narrowly cordate, 2- 4 " long, green or variegated with pale patches above and whitened abaxial leaf surfaces.

Smilax glauca: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Smilax glauca: Leaf Color

spa
Green
spa
Variegated
spa
White

Smilax glauca: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Red/Burgundy

Smilax glauca: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Smilax glauca: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Smilax glauca: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Smilax glauca: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Smilax glauca: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Smilax glauca: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Smilax glauca: Leaf Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long-lasting
Showy

Smilax glauca: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Smilax glauca Bark

Smilax glauca: Bark Description

Greenish brown

Smilax glauca: Bark Color

grass
Green
grass
Light Brown

Smilax glauca Stem

Smilax glauca: Stem Description

Slender, round, green and often covered with a white waxy bloom, with weak prickles. Thorny stems climb by tendrils.

Smilax glauca: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Smilax glauca Whole Plant Traits

Smilax glauca: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Smilax glauca: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Smilax glauca: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Smilax glauca: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Smilax glauca: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Smilax glauca: Appendage

Prickles
Spines
Tendrils
Thorns

Smilax glauca Cultural Conditions

Smilax glauca: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Smilax glauca: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Smilax glauca: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Smilax glauca: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Smilax glauca: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Smilax glauca: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
10a
thermostat
10b
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Smilax glauca: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Smilax glauca Landscape

Smilax glauca: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Smilax glauca: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Smilax glauca: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Smilax glauca: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Smilax glauca: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Smilax glauca: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy