Plant Profile: Smilax glabra

Names

Cat Brier, Chinaroot, China Root, Chin-lao-shu, Greenbrier, Jackson Brier, Kuang-yen-pa-hsieh, Sarsaparilla, Shan Ku'ei-lai, Shiny Leaf Smilax, Ti-hu-ling, Tufuling, Tu Fu-Ling

  • Photo of Smilax glabra (Smilax glabras)

Phonetic Spelling:SMIL-aks GLAY-bruh

Genus:Smilax

Species:glabra

Family:Smilacaceae

Smilax glabra, commonly referred to as Tufuling in traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine, is recognized for its potential health benefits. The root of this plant is thought to possess anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects. Laboratory research indicates it might also exhibit antiviral properties and enhance immune function. However, these studies have primarily been conducted on rats, leaving it uncertain whether similar benefits would be observed in humans.

In North America, Smilax glabra is not easily accessible. In its native regions of Asia, this plant thrives by climbing trees and large shrubs, using tendrils to wrap around twigs and branches.

This species is not self-fertile; its flowers are either male or female, and each plant bears only one sex. Therefore, both male and female plants must be cultivated together to produce seeds. Its primary mode of propagation is through rhizomes.

Smilax glabra Feature Summary

Smilax glabra Image Gallery

Tags

#edible plant
#white flowers
#shrub
#shade tolerant
#medicinal
#broadleaf evergreen
#tendrils
#low maintenance
#spring flowers
#slopes
#barrier
#berries
#dappled shade
#moist soil
#well-drained soil
#climbing vines
#dappled sunlight
#woody vine
#dioecious
#rhizomes
#thickets
#forests
#acidic soil tolerant
#alkaline soil tolerant
#twining vine
#asian garden
#vertical spaces
#purple fruits
#sandy soils tolerant
#clay soils tolerant
#vine
#rapid
#screen
#moth larvae
#partial shade tolerant
#non-toxic for horses
#non-toxic for dogs
#non-toxic for cats
#exotic
#woodlands

Similar Plants

Smilax glabra is often confused with:

Smilax glabra Feature Summary

Attributes
The rhizome has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for infections and inflammatory conditions as it is believed to have antioxidant, antiviral, renoprotective, immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anticancer properties. In India, fresh roots are made into an extract to treat sores and venereal diseases.
China, the Himalayas, and Indochina
Assam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Hainan, Laos, Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam
It is a larval host for the moth species Marmara smilacisella.
The cooked root can be dried and ground into a powder. and is rich in starch. Smilax glabra roots taste sweet and are used in a Chinese dessert to set certain types of jelly.
Perennial
Woody
Seed
Stem Cutting
Root Cutting
Wildlife Larval Host
Twining
Tendrils
Fruit
Berries are blue-black, 6--10 mm in diam., white powdery (glaucous)
Black
Blue
< 1 inch
Flowers
Male flowers have greenish-white calyx and corolla, slightly 6-angled, barely open/ The outer tepals are broadly obovate-orbicular, Female flowers have inner tepals which are entire at the margin and staminodes.
White
Green
6 petals/rays
Tepals
< 1 inch
Leaves
Leaf is elliptic- or ovate-lanceolate
Elliptical
Ovate
Lanceolate
3-6 inches
1-3 inches
Stem
Stem branched, terete, woody, smooth. Tendrils are well developed.
Smooth (glabrous)
Whole Plant Traits
Shrub
Edible
Vine
Climbing
Ascending
Tendrils
Cultural Conditions
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
12-24 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Clay
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape
Edible Garden
Asian Garden
Screen/Privacy
Barrier
Woodland
Vertical Spaces

Smilax glabra Attributes

Smilax glabra: Uses (Ethnobotany)

The rhizome has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for infections and inflammatory conditions as it is believed to have antioxidant, antiviral, renoprotective, immunostimulatory, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, and anticancer properties. In India, fresh roots are made into an extract to treat sores and venereal diseases.

Smilax glabra: Country Or Region Of Origin

China, the Himalayas, and Indochina

Smilax glabra: Distribution

Assam, Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Hainan, Laos, Myanmar, Taiwan, Thailand, Tibet, Vietnam

Smilax glabra: Wildlife Value

It is a larval host for the moth species Marmara smilacisella.

Smilax glabra: Edibility

The cooked root can be dried and ground into a powder. and is rich in starch. Smilax glabra roots taste sweet and are used in a Chinese dessert to set certain types of jelly.

Smilax glabra: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Smilax glabra: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Smilax glabra: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Smilax glabra: Climbing Method

Clinging
Scrambler
Tendrils
Twining

Smilax glabra Fruit

Smilax glabra: Fruit Description

Berries are blue-black, 6--10 mm in diam., white powdery (glaucous)

Smilax glabra: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Smilax glabra: Fruit Color

grass
Black
grass
Blue

Smilax glabra: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Smilax glabra: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Smilax glabra Flowers

Smilax glabra: Flower Description

Male flowers have greenish-white calyx and corolla, slightly 6-angled, barely open/ The outer tepals are broadly obovate-orbicular, Female flowers have inner tepals which are entire at the margin and staminodes.

Smilax glabra: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Green
filter_vintage
White

Smilax glabra: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Smilax glabra: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Smilax glabra: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Smilax glabra: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Smilax glabra: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Smilax glabra Leaves

Smilax glabra: Leaf Description

Leaf is elliptic- or ovate-lanceolate

Smilax glabra: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Smilax glabra: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Smilax glabra: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Smilax glabra: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Smilax glabra: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Smilax glabra: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Smilax glabra: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Smilax glabra Stem

Smilax glabra: Stem Description

Stem branched, terete, woody, smooth. Tendrils are well developed.

Smilax glabra: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Smilax glabra: Stem Cross Section

Angular
Oval
Round
Square

Smilax glabra: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Smilax glabra Whole Plant Traits

Smilax glabra: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Smilax glabra: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Smilax glabra: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Smilax glabra: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Smilax glabra: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Smilax glabra: Appendage

Prickles
Spines
Tendrils
Thorns

Smilax glabra Cultural Conditions

Smilax glabra: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Smilax glabra: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Smilax glabra: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Smilax glabra: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Smilax glabra: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Smilax glabra Landscape

Smilax glabra: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Smilax glabra: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Smilax glabra: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland