Plant Profile: Amsinckia

Taxonomy: Amsinckia

Names

Fiddlenecks, Tarweed Fiddleneck

  • Photo of Amsinckia (Amsinckias)

Phonetic Spelling:am-SINK-kee-uh

Genus:Amsinckia

Species:Amsinckia

Family:Boraginaceae

Amsinckia, commonly known as Fiddleneck, is a genus of annual flowering plants characterized by their bristly texture, belonging to the Boraginaceae family. The name "Fiddleneck" comes from the distinctive gray-green stems adorned with vibrant goldenrod yellow flowers that twist and curl, resembling the end of a fiddle. This genus comprises approximately a dozen species, which can be challenging to differentiate due to overlapping habitats and the tendency for natural hybridization among them.

Most Amsinckia species feature upright stems that can reach heights ranging from 8 to 48 inches, typically thriving at lower elevations.

In terms of pests and diseases, there are no known insect threats or illnesses associated with these plants. However, handling the plant's sharp hairs may lead to contact dermatitis. Additionally, the seeds and leaves contain pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which are toxic to livestock, including horses.

Amsinckia Feature Summary

Amsinckia Image Gallery

Tags

#annual
#summer annual
#prickly
#problem for horses

Similar Plants

Amsinckia Feature Summary

Attributes
Stems, seeds and leaves were used as food source by Native Americans.
Western North America, South America
Europe. Western North America.
Fruit
Tiiny basal gray nutlets
Gray/Silver
< 1 inch
Flowers
Five petaled dark golden yellow to orange funnel-shaped flowers in scorpionoid spikes 2 to 15 inches long with leafy bracts at the base. Flowers bloom all spring into the summer.
Gold/Yellow
Orange
Long Bloom Season
Spring
Summer
4-5 petals/rays
< 1 inch
Leaves
Basal alternate gray-green narrowly oblanceolate entire margins leaves covered in bristly hairs.
Green
Gray/Silver
Oblanceolate
Prickly
Poisonous to Humans
Contact with the plant's sharp hairs can cause dermatitis. The seeds and leaves of fiddlenecks are poisonous to livestock and horses.
pyrrolizidine alkaloids
Seeds
Leaves
Stems
Whole Plant Traits
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasionally Dry
Clay
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Stem
Landscape
Butterflies
Moths
Problem for Horses
Contact Dermatitis

Amsinckia Attributes

Amsinckia: Uses (Ethnobotany)

Stems, seeds and leaves were used as food source by Native Americans.

Amsinckia: Country Or Region Of Origin

Western North America, South America

Amsinckia: Distribution

Europe. Western North America.

Amsinckia: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Amsinckia: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Amsinckia Fruit

Amsinckia: Fruit Description

Tiiny basal gray nutlets

Amsinckia: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Amsinckia: Fruit Color

grass
Gray/Silver

Amsinckia: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Amsinckia: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Amsinckia Flowers

Amsinckia: Flower Description

Five petaled dark golden yellow to orange funnel-shaped flowers in scorpionoid spikes 2 to 15 inches long with leafy bracts at the base. Flowers bloom all spring into the summer.

Amsinckia: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow
filter_vintage
Orange

Amsinckia: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Amsinckia: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Amsinckia: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Amsinckia: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Amsinckia: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Amsinckia: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Amsinckia Leaves

Amsinckia: Leaf Description

Basal alternate gray-green narrowly oblanceolate entire margins leaves covered in bristly hairs.

Amsinckia: Leaf Color

spa
Gray/Silver
spa
Green

Amsinckia: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Amsinckia: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Amsinckia: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Amsinckia: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Amsinckia: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Amsinckia: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Amsinckia Poisonous to Humans

Amsinckia: Poison Symptoms

Contact with the plant's sharp hairs can cause dermatitis. The seeds and leaves of fiddlenecks are poisonous to livestock and horses.

Amsinckia: Poison Toxic Principle

pyrrolizidine alkaloids

Amsinckia: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Amsinckia: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Amsinckia: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Amsinckia Whole Plant Traits

Amsinckia: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Amsinckia: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Amsinckia: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Amsinckia Cultural Conditions

Amsinckia: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Amsinckia: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Amsinckia: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Amsinckia: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Amsinckia: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Amsinckia Stem

Amsinckia: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Amsinckia: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Amsinckia Landscape

Amsinckia: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Amsinckia: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy