Phonetic Spelling:ses-al-PIN-ee-uh pul-CHER-ee-muh
Genus:Caesalpinia
Species:pulcherrima
Family:Fabaceae
The Pride of Barbados is an evergreen shrub or small tree belonging to the Fabaceae family, commonly known as legumes. Native to Mexico and the Caribbean, it features striking orange-red flowers, fern-like foliage, and spiny stems. This plant holds the distinction of being Barbados' national flower and is also referred to by several names, including Barbados Flower Fence, Barbados Pride, Dwarf Poinciana, Peacock Flower, and Red Bird of Paradise. The genus name, Caesalpinia, pays tribute to the 16th-century botanist, philosopher, and physician Andreas Caesalpini, while the species name, pulcher, derives from Latin, meaning "beauty."
In terms of growth, the Pride of Barbados is deciduous in USDA zone 9 and perennial in zone 8. In tropical climates, it can reach heights and widths of 15 to 20 feet. The plant produces clusters of vibrant orange-red flowers adorned with long red stamens, blooming throughout most of the year in tropical regions. In areas that experience frost, flowering typically occurs in late summer and fall. Following the flowering period, pod-like fruits develop, which split open when ripe to release small seeds. These seeds contain tannic acid, which is toxic and can cause gastrointestinal issues if consumed, so caution is advised in environments where children or pets are present.
This shrub thrives in hot, humid conditions and requires full sunlight for optimal flowering. It does not tolerate poorly drained soils but can withstand some drought once established. During the growing season, it benefits from deep, infrequent watering. Pruning may be necessary to maintain its shape, and it is advisable to avoid planting it near patios or walkways due to its spiny branches. As a specimen plant, accent, or border, it adds vibrant color to sunny, warm, and humid spaces, while also attracting hummingbirds and butterflies. Additionally, it is considered resistant to deer.
Regarding pests and diseases, the Pride of Barbados may encounter scale infestations and is vulnerable to mushroom root rot if planted in poorly drained soil.
Caesalpinia pulcherrima Feature Summary
Caesalpinia pulcherrima Image Gallery
