• Photo of Delphinium tricorne (Delphinium tricornes)

Plant Profile: Delphinium tricorne

Taxonomy: Delphinium tricorne

Names

Dwarf Larkspur, Spring Larkspur

  • Photo of Delphinium tricorne (Delphinium tricornes)

Phonetic Spelling:del-FIN-ee-um trai-korn

Genus:Delphinium

Species:tricorne

Family:Ranunculaceae

Dwarf larkspur is a perennial herb belonging to the buttercup family, primarily found in the eastern United States. It thrives in moist forests and thickets, making it the most prevalent species of Delphinium in that region. However, this plant tends to struggle in areas characterized by high humidity during the summer months.

The flowering period extends from July to September, during which the plant produces loose clusters of 6 to 12 blooms. These flowers are typically bluish-purple, though some may exhibit white hues. They feature a tubular shape with one sepal that bends backward, forming a spur. The leaves are finely divided into deep lobes and are predominantly located at the base of the plant.

Dwarf larkspur flourishes in fertile, moist soils and prefers some afternoon shade, along with protection from strong winds. It is well-suited for use in borders, mass plantings, or small groupings, and is particularly effective in woodland settings or native gardens.

In terms of potential issues, dwarf larkspur is susceptible to several diseases, including powdery mildew, botrytis blight, leaf spots, and crown rot. It may also attract pests such as slugs, snails, aphids, leaf miners, stem borers, and mites. Taller specimens may require staking for support. Additionally, it is important to note that this plant is toxic.

Delphinium tricorne Feature Summary

Delphinium tricorne Image Gallery

Tags

#poisonous
#purple flowers
#blue flowers
#cut flowers
#NC native
#wildflower garden
#food source fall
#food source herbage
#coastal FAC
#Piedmont Mountains FAC
#bird friendly
#food source hard mast fruit
#moth larvae
#problem for cats
#problem for dogs
#problem for horses
#audubon

Similar Plants

Delphinium tricorne Feature Summary

Attributes
North Central & Eastern U.S.A
AL , AR , DC , GA , IA , IL , IN , KS , KY , MD , MN , MO , MS , NC , NE , OH , OK , PA , SC , TN , VA , WV
This plant attracts birds and moth larvae.
Poisonous
Perennial
Fruit
Three horn-like fruit pods split to release seeds August to October.
Follicle
Flowers
Loose raceme of up to 1.5-inch bluish-purple to occasionally whitish trumpet-shaped flowers. Five petal-like sepals with the upper sepal extending backward into an upright spur. The four petals are small. Flowers bloom from July to September.
Purple/Lavender
White
Blue
4-5 petals/rays
Colored Sepals
1-3 inches
Leaves
Up to 4 inches long and wide gray-green to green basal leaves are finely cut and palmately divided into 5 deep lobes which are in turn divided into 2-3 shallow secondary lobes. Their stems are hairy and long. Stems leaves occur sparsely up the flower stem.
Green
Gray/Silver
Rhomboidal
3-6 inches
3-6 inches
Stem
Stems are erect, hairy, terete, and fleshy. May need staking when flowering.
Green
Gray/Silver
Hairy (pubescent)
Poisonous to Humans
Burning of lips and mouth, numbness of throat; intense vomiting and diarrhea, muscular weakness and spasms, weak pulse, paralysis of the respiratory system, convulsions; may be fatal if eaten. Unless there is a lack of suitable forage, horses typically do not consume toxic amounts of larkspur. The toxicity of the plant may vary depending on seasonal changes and field conditions; as the plant matures, it generally becomes less toxic. Clinical effects include constipation, colic, increased salivation, stiffness, weakness, recumbency, and convulsions. Cardiac failure may occur, as can death from respiratory paralysis.
Alkaloids delphinine, ajacine, and others.
Seeds
Leaves
Stems
Flowers
Whole Plant Traits
Native Plant
Poisonous
Wildflower
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Less than 12 inches
Mountains
Piedmont
High Organic Matter
Landscape
Cottage Garden
Native Garden
Border
Mass Planting
Small groups
Woodland
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Slope/Bank
Songbirds
Moths
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Weedy

Delphinium tricorne Attributes

Delphinium tricorne: Country Or Region Of Origin

North Central & Eastern U.S.A

Delphinium tricorne: Distribution

AL , AR , DC , GA , IA , IL , IN , KS , KY , MD , MN , MO , MS , NC , NE , OH , OK , PA , SC , TN , VA , WV

Delphinium tricorne: Wildlife Value

This plant attracts birds and moth larvae.

Delphinium tricorne: Edibility

Poisonous

Delphinium tricorne: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Delphinium tricorne: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Delphinium tricorne Fruit

Delphinium tricorne: Fruit Description

Three horn-like fruit pods split to release seeds August to October.

Delphinium tricorne: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Delphinium tricorne: Fruit Color

grass
Green

Delphinium tricorne: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Delphinium tricorne Flowers

Delphinium tricorne: Flower Description

Loose raceme of up to 1.5-inch bluish-purple to occasionally whitish trumpet-shaped flowers. Five petal-like sepals with the upper sepal extending backward into an upright spur. The four petals are small. Flowers bloom from July to September.

Delphinium tricorne: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Blue
filter_vintage
Purple/Lavender
filter_vintage
White

Delphinium tricorne: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Delphinium tricorne: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Delphinium tricorne: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Delphinium tricorne: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Delphinium tricorne: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Delphinium tricorne: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Delphinium tricorne Leaves

Delphinium tricorne: Leaf Description

Up to 4 inches long and wide gray-green to green basal leaves are finely cut and palmately divided into 5 deep lobes which are in turn divided into 2-3 shallow secondary lobes. Their stems are hairy and long. Stems leaves occur sparsely up the flower stem.

Delphinium tricorne: Leaf Color

spa
Gray/Silver
spa
Green

Delphinium tricorne: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Delphinium tricorne: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Delphinium tricorne: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Delphinium tricorne: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Delphinium tricorne: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Delphinium tricorne: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Delphinium tricorne: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Delphinium tricorne Stem

Delphinium tricorne: Stem Description

Stems are erect, hairy, terete, and fleshy. May need staking when flowering.

Delphinium tricorne: Stem Color

grass
Gray/Silver
grass
Green

Delphinium tricorne: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Delphinium tricorne: Stem Cross Section

Angular
Oval
Round
Square

Delphinium tricorne: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Delphinium tricorne Poisonous to Humans

Delphinium tricorne: Poison Symptoms

Burning of lips and mouth, numbness of throat; intense vomiting and diarrhea, muscular weakness and spasms, weak pulse, paralysis of the respiratory system, convulsions; may be fatal if eaten. Unless there is a lack of suitable forage, horses typically do not consume toxic amounts of larkspur. The toxicity of the plant may vary depending on seasonal changes and field conditions; as the plant matures, it generally becomes less toxic. Clinical effects include constipation, colic, increased salivation, stiffness, weakness, recumbency, and convulsions. Cardiac failure may occur, as can death from respiratory paralysis.

Delphinium tricorne: Poison Toxic Principle

Alkaloids delphinine, ajacine, and others.

Delphinium tricorne: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Delphinium tricorne: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Delphinium tricorne: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Delphinium tricorne Whole Plant Traits

Delphinium tricorne: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Delphinium tricorne: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Delphinium tricorne: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Delphinium tricorne Cultural Conditions

Delphinium tricorne: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Delphinium tricorne: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Delphinium tricorne: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Delphinium tricorne: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Delphinium tricorne: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Delphinium tricorne: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b

Delphinium tricorne: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Delphinium tricorne Landscape

Delphinium tricorne: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Delphinium tricorne: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Delphinium tricorne: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Delphinium tricorne: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Delphinium tricorne: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy