• Photo of Euphorbia cotinifolia (Euphorbia cotinifolias)

Plant Profile: Euphorbia cotinifolia

Taxonomy: Euphorbia cotinifolia

Names

Caribbean Cooper Plant, Caribbean Copper Plant, Euphorbe Á Feuilles de Fustet, Mexican Shrubby Spurge, Red Spurge, Smoke Tree Spurge, Smoketree Spurge, Tropical Smokebush

  • Photo of Euphorbia cotinifolia (Euphorbia cotinifolias)

Phonetic Spelling:yoo-FOR-bee-uh kot-in-ih-FOH-lee-uh

Genus:Euphorbia

Species:cotinifolia

Family:Euphorbiaceae

Euphorbia cotinifolia boasts vibrant foliage. In temperate regions, this plant remains evergreen; however, it will shed its leaves if temperatures fall below 35 degrees Fahrenheit, and frost can pose a threat to its health.

The sap of this plant is toxic, so it is essential to wear protective gear—such as eye protection, long sleeves, long pants, and gloves—when pruning.

When it comes to its growth form, Euphorbia cotinifolia can either take the shape of a shrub, reaching heights of up to 15 feet, or a small tree, growing between 15 and 30 feet tall. It can also be cultivated in a container, allowing for easier indoor relocation during winter months.

The name "Euphorbia cotinifolia" has an interesting origin: "Cotinus" translates to "smoketree," while "folia" means "leaf." Although this plant is not classified within the Cotinus genus, its leaves bear a resemblance to those of the smoketree.

In terms of pests and diseases, Euphorbia cotinifolia is relatively resilient, facing few significant threats. However, it can experience root rot, particularly in poorly drained soils, and may attract pests such as aphids, spider mites, nematodes, and mealybugs.

Euphorbia cotinifolia Feature Summary

Euphorbia cotinifolia Image Gallery

Tags

#red
#white
#evergreen
#showy flowers
#small tree
#poisonous
#full sun tolerant
#drought tolerant
#white flowers
#shrub
#showy
#red leaves
#broadleaf evergreen
#rabbit resistant
#air pollution tolerant
#disease resistant
#insect pest tolerant
#summer flowers
#dappled sunlight
#deer resistant
#burgundy leaves
#burgundy
#partial shade tolerant
#tropical feel

Similar Plants

Euphorbia cotinifolia Feature Summary

Attributes
Mexico to South America
deer, rabbit, air pollution, drought, some light shade (dappled sunlight), insect pests, diseases
Flowers
In early summer (June), this plant has white flowers in an inflorescence of a panicle. There are also bracts (white/cream), and flowers may not have petals.
White
Cream/Tan
Leaves
Leaves are colorful (red/burgundy), thin, about 4.5 inches long, and roundish.
Brown/Copper
Red/Burgundy
Elliptical
3-6 inches
Bark
Bark is light brown and may have above the surface rings around it.
Light Brown
Stem
Stems are purple
Purple/Lavender
Poisonous to Humans
The actual stem is not poisonous: the white sap (appears milky and is generally inside the stem) is poisonous (through ingestion and dermatitis). If on skin, sap is irritating. If gotten in eye, it is very irritating causing blurred vision and burning. (Though some eyes have dealt with the following symptoms: corneal edema, kerato-conjunctivitis, epithelial defects, secondary elevated intraocular pressure, or anterior uveitis.) It may not feel irritated at first but can feel irritated hours later. If ingested, you may have more serious symptoms: organs could be damaged.
Whole Plant Traits
Shrub
Annual
Tree
Houseplant
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Erect
Dense
Open
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Good Drainage
Landscape
Drought
Deer
Insect Pests
Pollution
Rabbits
Diseases
Container
Houseplants
Poisonous to Humans
Contact Dermatitis

Euphorbia cotinifolia Attributes

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Country Or Region Of Origin

Mexico to South America

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems)

deer, rabbit, air pollution, drought, some light shade (dappled sunlight), insect pests, diseases

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Euphorbia cotinifolia Flowers

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Flower Description

In early summer (June), this plant has white flowers in an inflorescence of a panicle. There are also bracts (white/cream), and flowers may not have petals.

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Cream/Tan
filter_vintage
White

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Euphorbia cotinifolia Leaves

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Leaf Description

Leaves are colorful (red/burgundy), thin, about 4.5 inches long, and roundish.

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Leaf Color

spa
Brown/Copper
spa
Red/Burgundy

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Euphorbia cotinifolia Bark

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Bark Description

Bark is light brown and may have above the surface rings around it.

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Bark Color

grass
Light Brown

Euphorbia cotinifolia Stem

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Stem Description

Stems are purple

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Stem Color

grass
Purple/Lavender

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Euphorbia cotinifolia Poisonous to Humans

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Poison Symptoms

The actual stem is not poisonous: the white sap (appears milky and is generally inside the stem) is poisonous (through ingestion and dermatitis). If on skin, sap is irritating. If gotten in eye, it is very irritating causing blurred vision and burning. (Though some eyes have dealt with the following symptoms: corneal edema, kerato-conjunctivitis, epithelial defects, secondary elevated intraocular pressure, or anterior uveitis.) It may not feel irritated at first but can feel irritated hours later. If ingested, you may have more serious symptoms: organs could be damaged.

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Poison Toxic Principle

Unknown

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Euphorbia cotinifolia Whole Plant Traits

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Euphorbia cotinifolia Cultural Conditions

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Euphorbia cotinifolia: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
10a
thermostat
10b
thermostat
11a
thermostat
11b

Euphorbia cotinifolia Landscape

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Euphorbia cotinifolia: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy