Plant Profile: Gordonia lasianthus

Gordonia lasianthus, commonly known as Loblolly Bay, is an evergreen tree indigenous to the Southeastern United States, particularly thriving in the coastal plains and southern Tidewater region of North Carolina. It typically grows in moist, well-drained environments such as pocosins, bayheads, acidic swamp forests rich in organic matter, wet pine savannas, and bay forests. During the summer, this tree showcases stunning white flowers reminiscent of Camellias, which emit a pleasant fragrance and can persist even through frost. Loblolly Bay, often referred to as Red Bay, can reach heights between 35 and 70 feet, with trunk diameters of up to 20 inches. It exhibits a columnar or pyramidal growth pattern, characterized by a narrow, compact crown with spreading branches. The tree's ultimate size is influenced by soil moisture levels, and while it remains evergreen, some leaves may turn a vibrant scarlet in the fall.

This species is generally short-lived and can pose challenges in cultivation; it is advisable to purchase it in a pot rather than attempting to dig it from the wild, as it can be quite particular about its growing conditions. It thrives in wet yet well-drained areas and prefers sun to partial shade. Alternatively, one can appreciate its beauty in its natural environment. The tree typically has a symmetric, narrow conical shape, and depending on the soil conditions, it may take on a shrubby appearance or develop into a substantial tree. A hybrid with Franklinia, known as Gordlinia grandiflora (Franklinia x Gordonia), is also available, specifically the cultivar 'Sweet Tea.'

In terms of pests and diseases, Loblolly Bay does not face significant issues, although it can be somewhat challenging to source commercially. Immature trees may be susceptible to root rot.