Plant Profile: Ilex verticillata

Winterberry is a deciduous tree that typically reaches heights of 10 to 15 feet, although it often grows as a shrub in its natural habitat. Its leaves are arranged alternately, featuring sharply serrated edges and a hairy underside. The bark is thin, smooth, and exhibits a gray-brown hue. In the spring, clusters of stalked, yellow-green flowers bloom. The female plants produce vibrant red-orange drupes that ripen in the fall.

The common name "winterberry" is derived from the striking red berries that add visual interest during the winter months and may linger into early spring, provided they aren't consumed by birds. These berries emerge just as the leaves begin to fall in autumn. Unlike the berries of the Rosaceae family, winterberry fruits have a distinctive black "dot" at their tip instead of a "fly." To ensure a bountiful berry harvest, proper cross-pollination is essential. This can be achieved by planting one male pollinator, such as 'Jim Dandy' or 'Southern Gentleman,' for every 10 to 20 female plants, within a 50-foot radius. Dwarf cultivars are also available for those with limited space.

Fire Risk: This plant is rated low in flammability.

In terms of pests and diseases, winterberry generally faces no significant issues. However, it may occasionally experience leaf spots and powdery mildew. Additionally, neutral to alkaline soils can lead to chlorosis, characterized by yellowing leaves, and in severe cases, plant death. Insufficient moisture can also result in the loss of fruit set.

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