• Photo of Ilex verticillata x serrata (Ilex verticillata x serratas)

Plant Profile: Ilex verticillata x serrata

Names

Winterberry

  • Photo of Ilex verticillata x serrata (Ilex verticillata x serratas)

Phonetic Spelling:EYE-leks ver-ti-si-LAH-tuh x sair-AY-tuh

Genus:Ilex

Species:verticillata

Family:Aquifoliaceae

Winterberry is a deciduous shrub native to the region, requiring both male and female plants for effective pollination. It thrives in moist, acidic soils rich in organic matter and can tolerate wet conditions. While it prefers these specific soil types, it can adapt to other acidic and moist environments. This shrub propagates through suckers, allowing it to create colonies over time.

When selecting a female winterberry plant, ensure you also acquire a male counterpart that blooms simultaneously. A single male can effectively pollinate three to five female shrubs. Position the female plants where their vibrant red berries can be appreciated throughout the year.

This versatile plant is ideal for planting near streams or ponds, in rain gardens, as part of a hedge, or in naturalized areas.

Potential issues include chlorosis in high pH soils, as well as leaf spot and powdery mildew, though these problems are seldom severe.

Ilex verticillata x serrata Feature Summary

Ilex verticillata x serrata Image Gallery

Tags

#deciduous
#wildlife plant
#nectar plant
#winter interest
#riparian
#facultative
#wetlands
#wet sites
#specialized bees
#deer resistant
#pollinator plant
#wet soils tolerant
#bird friendly
#bee friendly
#fruits winter

Similar Plants

Ilex verticillata x serrata Feature Summary

Attributes
United States and Canada
Fruits are attractive to birds. Flowers attract bees. Members of the genus Ilex support the following specialized bee: Colletes banksi.
Wildlife Food Source
Fruit
Showy bright red berry-like drupe on female plants that persists into winter
Red/Burgundy
Showy
Long-lasting
< 1 inch
Flowers
Small, creamy-white flowers on male and female plants. Male plants bloom in clusters, female plants solitary or groups of 2-3 in early to mid-June. Female blooms have a distinct green miniature "knob" in the center while male blooms have anthers.
White
Cream/Tan
6 petals/rays
< 1 inch
Leaves
Alternate, simple, dark green leaves; 1.5-3 inches long and .75 to 1.25 inches wide. Margins are serrated to doubly serrated and base and tip are acute. Undersides have hairs. Light yellow fall color
Elliptical
Serrate
Doubly Serrate
1-3 inches
1-3 inches
Bark
The bark is dark gray to brown, generally smooth with some lenticels
Dark Gray
Dark Brown
Stem
Purple-brown young stems grow gray with age. Stems glabrous with dark black points on the twig surface on each side of the leaf scar
Brown/Copper
Purple/Lavender
Gray/Silver
Smooth (glabrous)
Whole Plant Traits
Shrub
Native Plant
Multi-stemmed
Rounded
Erect
Mounding
Dense
Spreading
Open
Oval
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Good Drainage
Occasionally Wet
Frequent Standing Water
Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
3a
3b
9a
9b
Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape
Pollinator Garden
Winter Garden
Rain Garden
Native Garden
Water Garden
Border
Mass Planting
Accent
Small groups
Specimen
Deer
Pollution
Wet Soil
Woodland
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Pond
Pollinators
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Ilex verticillata x serrata Attributes

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Country Or Region Of Origin

United States and Canada

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Wildlife Value

Fruits are attractive to birds. Flowers attract bees. Members of the genus Ilex support the following specialized bee: Colletes banksi.

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems)

deer damage

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Ilex verticillata x serrata Fruit

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Fruit Description

Showy bright red berry-like drupe on female plants that persists into winter

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Fruit Color

grass
Red/Burgundy

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Fruit Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Ilex verticillata x serrata Flowers

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Flower Description

Small, creamy-white flowers on male and female plants. Male plants bloom in clusters, female plants solitary or groups of 2-3 in early to mid-June. Female blooms have a distinct green miniature "knob" in the center while male blooms have anthers.

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Cream/Tan
filter_vintage
White

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Ilex verticillata x serrata Leaves

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Leaf Description

Alternate, simple, dark green leaves; 1.5-3 inches long and .75 to 1.25 inches wide. Margins are serrated to doubly serrated and base and tip are acute. Undersides have hairs. Light yellow fall color

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Gold/Yellow

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Ilex verticillata x serrata Bark

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Bark Description

The bark is dark gray to brown, generally smooth with some lenticels

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Bark Color

grass
Dark Brown
grass
Dark Gray

Ilex verticillata x serrata Stem

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Stem Description

Purple-brown young stems grow gray with age. Stems glabrous with dark black points on the twig surface on each side of the leaf scar

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Gray/Silver
grass
Purple/Lavender

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Stem Surface

Corky Ridges
Covered with a powdery bloom (glaucous)
Dull
Hairy (pubescent)
Polished
Smooth (glabrous)

Ilex verticillata x serrata Whole Plant Traits

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Ilex verticillata x serrata Cultural Conditions

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Ilex verticillata x serrata: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Ilex verticillata x serrata: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
3a
thermostat
3b
thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Ilex verticillata x serrata Landscape

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Ilex verticillata x serrata: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees