• Photo of Berberis thunbergii (Berberis thunbergiis)

Plant Profile: Berberis thunbergii

Taxonomy: Berberis thunbergii

Names

Japanese Barberry, Thunberg's Barberry

  • Photo of Berberis thunbergii (Berberis thunbergiis)

Phonetic Spelling:ber-BER-is thun-BER-jee-eye

Genus:Berberis

Species:thunbergii

Family:Berberidaceae

Berberis thunbergii is a compact, rounded shrub characterized by its numerous branches. It is relatively easy to transplant but prefers well-drained soil, as it does not thrive in overly wet conditions. The texture of this plant ranges from medium to fine. It is sensitive to extreme heat and exhibits semi-deciduous behavior in southern regions. When birds consume its berries, they help disperse the seeds, which typically germinate in shaded woodlands, wetlands, and open fields.

**Quick Identification Tips:**

**Pests, Diseases, and Other Issues:** In certain states, including North Carolina, this plant is considered a noxious weed or invasive species, posing a threat to native flora that struggle to compete with its robust growth. The spiny stems can be hazardous for children and may also trap debris carried by the wind. Despite these concerns, Berberis thunbergii generally does not face significant pest issues. However, it can be affected by problems such as anthracnose, root rot, bacterial leaf spot, wilt, scale, barberry webworm, and aphids.

Berberis thunbergii Feature Summary

Berberis thunbergii Image Gallery

Tags

#red
#thorns
#deciduous
#fall color
#yellow
#invasive
#full sun tolerant
#heat tolerant
#drought tolerant
#orange
#perennial
#shrub
#red berries
#yellow flowers
#salt tolerant
#spring flowers
#winter interest
#fall interest
#wetlands
#erosion control
#deer browsing plant
#dye plant
#deer resistant
#fields
#spring interest
#pollinator plant
#fantz
#urban conditions tolerant
#clay soils tolerant
#bird friendly
#dry soils tolerant
#partial shade tolerant
#fruits winter
#woodlands

Similar Plants

Berberis thunbergii is often confused with:

Berberis thunbergii Feature Summary

Attributes
Settlers used this plant to make dye.
Birds eat the berries.
some shade, heat, drought, urban conditions, range of soil types, erosion, slightly salt tolerant; seldom damaged by deer
Perennial
Woody
Fruit
This plant has 0.3"-1", bright, and glossy red berries in the fall. Persisting into winter, this is an ellipsoidal berry.
Red/Burgundy
Showy
Long-lasting
< 1 inch
Flowers
This plant has 0.3- to 0.5-in., pale yellow flowers in late spring (April to May) that are often hidden under the foliage. The drooping inflorescence has a subumbellate arrangement, is grouped in sets of 2-5, is weakly fetid, has pedicels, and has racemes.
Gold/Yellow
2-3 rays/petals
< 1 inch
Leaves
This plant has alternate, simple, and bright green leaves that are 0.5 to 1.3 in. long. Growing in the spine axil, the leaves are narrow at the base. The leaves have bright red to orange fall color. Other colors that the leave may be are foliage green, variegated, reddish-purple, and yellowish. Clustered on dwarf shoots, the leaves are obovate to spatulate-oblong in shape with entire margins.
Green
Gold/Yellow
Variegated
Purple/Lavender
Gold/Yellow
Orange
Red/Burgundy
Oblong
Obovate
Spatulate
1-3 inches
Stem
Stems are angular and dark brown, bearing single spines.
Brown/Copper
Red/Burgundy
Smooth/Hairless
Whole Plant Traits
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasionally Dry
Very Dry
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
Landscape
Drought Tolerant Garden
Pollinator Garden
Winter Garden
Border
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Accent
Specimen
Barrier
Security
Drought
Deer
Heat
Urban Conditions
Salt
Dry Soil
Erosion
Container
Recreational Play Area
Woodland
Naturalized Area
Songbirds
Weedy
Spines/Thorns
Invasive Species
Problem for Children

Berberis thunbergii Attributes

Berberis thunbergii: Uses (Ethnobotany)

Settlers used this plant to make dye.

Berberis thunbergii: Country Or Region Of Origin

Asia (Japan)

Berberis thunbergii: Wildlife Value

Birds eat the berries.

Berberis thunbergii: Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems)

some shade, heat, drought, urban conditions, range of soil types, erosion, slightly salt tolerant; seldom damaged by deer

Berberis thunbergii: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Berberis thunbergii: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Berberis thunbergii Fruit

Berberis thunbergii: Fruit Description

This plant has 0.3"-1", bright, and glossy red berries in the fall. Persisting into winter, this is an ellipsoidal berry.

Berberis thunbergii: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Berberis thunbergii: Fruit Color

grass
Red/Burgundy

Berberis thunbergii: Fruit Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Berberis thunbergii: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Berberis thunbergii: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Berberis thunbergii: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Berberis thunbergii Flowers

Berberis thunbergii: Flower Description

This plant has 0.3- to 0.5-in., pale yellow flowers in late spring (April to May) that are often hidden under the foliage. The drooping inflorescence has a subumbellate arrangement, is grouped in sets of 2-5, is weakly fetid, has pedicels, and has racemes.

Berberis thunbergii: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow

Berberis thunbergii: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Berberis thunbergii: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Berberis thunbergii: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Berberis thunbergii: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Berberis thunbergii: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Berberis thunbergii Leaves

Berberis thunbergii: Leaf Description

This plant has alternate, simple, and bright green leaves that are 0.5 to 1.3 in. long. Growing in the spine axil, the leaves are narrow at the base. The leaves have bright red to orange fall color. Other colors that the leave may be are foliage green, variegated, reddish-purple, and yellowish. Clustered on dwarf shoots, the leaves are obovate to spatulate-oblong in shape with entire margins.

Berberis thunbergii: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Berberis thunbergii: Leaf Color

spa
Gold/Yellow
spa
Green
spa
Purple/Lavender
spa
Variegated

Berberis thunbergii: Deciduous Leaf Fall Color

spa
Gold/Yellow
spa
Orange
spa
Red/Burgundy

Berberis thunbergii: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Berberis thunbergii: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Berberis thunbergii: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Berberis thunbergii: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Berberis thunbergii: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Berberis thunbergii: Leaf Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long-lasting
Showy

Berberis thunbergii Stem

Berberis thunbergii: Stem Description

Stems are angular and dark brown, bearing single spines.

Berberis thunbergii: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Red/Burgundy

Berberis thunbergii: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Berberis thunbergii: Stem Buds

Hairy
Hairy tips
Scaly
Smooth/Hairless

Berberis thunbergii Whole Plant Traits

Berberis thunbergii: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Berberis thunbergii: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Berberis thunbergii: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Berberis thunbergii: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Berberis thunbergii: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Berberis thunbergii: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Berberis thunbergii: Appendage

Prickles
Spines
Tendrils
Thorns

Berberis thunbergii Cultural Conditions

Berberis thunbergii: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Berberis thunbergii: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Berberis thunbergii: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Berberis thunbergii: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b

Berberis thunbergii: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Berberis thunbergii Landscape

Berberis thunbergii: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Berberis thunbergii: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Berberis thunbergii: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Berberis thunbergii: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Berberis thunbergii: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Berberis thunbergii: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy