• Photo of Chamaecyparis thyoides (Chamaecyparis thyoidess)

Plant Profile: Chamaecyparis thyoides

Taxonomy: Chamaecyparis thyoides

Names

Atlantic White Cedar, Atlantic White-Cedar, Juniper, Swamp Cedar, White Cypress

  • Photo of Chamaecyparis thyoides (Chamaecyparis thyoidess)

Phonetic Spelling:kam-ee-SIP-a-riss thy-OY-deez

Genus:Chamaecyparis

Species:thyoides

Family:Cupressaceae

The Atlantic White Cedar is a coniferous tree belonging to the cypress family, typically reaching heights of 60 to 80 feet and having a trunk diameter of about 2 feet. Its foliage features scale-like leaves that range in color from green to blue-green. The bark is fibrous, characterized by flat ridges that may spiral around the trunk. In North Carolina, this species thrives in the coastal plain, often found in wetland areas such as bogs, streams, and swamps, where it frequently dominates wet forest ecosystems.

This tree flourishes in sandy, peaty soils that are consistently moist to wet, preferring locations with full sun to partial shade. It often grows on small mounds, with water collecting in the surrounding low areas. The Atlantic White Cedar is an excellent choice for planting in damp regions with poor drainage, particularly near ponds, streams, or boggy environments.

In terms of pests and diseases, the Atlantic White Cedar is generally resilient, facing few serious threats. However, it can be vulnerable to issues like juniper blight, root rot, and certain insect pests, including bagworms. Additionally, white-tailed deer often cause damage to this tree.

Chamaecyparis thyoides Feature Summary

Chamaecyparis thyoides Image Gallery

Tags

#evergreen
#wildlife plant
#native tree
#cover plant
#wetlands
#playground
#ncemgva2018
#highly beneficial coastal plants
#fire
#NC native
#children's garden
#edible garden
#larval host plant
#food source winter
#cover
#butterfly friendly
#pollinator garden
#hessel’s hairstreak butterfly

Similar Plants

Chamaecyparis thyoides is often confused with:

Chamaecyparis thyoides Feature Summary

Attributes
Wood is used to make shingles, posts and boats.
AL , CT , DE , FL , GA , MA , MD , ME , MS , NC , NH , NJ , NY , PA , RI , SC , VA
This tree provides cover for wildlife during the winter and extreme weather. This plant supports Hessel's Hairstreak (Callophrys hesseli) larvae. The Hessel's Hairstreak butterflies have 1-2 flights. In late May, one flight will occur in the northern states of New England. In April to July, two flights will occur in the southern states. Deer browse on this plant in the winter.
Fragrance
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Screening
Wildlife Larval Host
medium flammability
Fruit
It produces yellow pollen-bearing cones which are found at the stem ends. Its seed-bearing cones form in clusters, emerging purple but maturing to brown. They are 1/4" in diameter and have a crumpled appearance.
Brown/Copper
Purple/Lavender
Gold/Yellow
< 1 inch
Flowers
The Atlantic White Cedar has red-yellow male flowers and small green female flowers that mature in the spring.
Gold/Yellow
Red/Burgundy
Blue
Green
Leaves
The scale-like adult leaves and needle-like juvenile leaves are a soft green to blue-green with conspicuous resinous glands. The leaf is flattened, having irregular, overlapping sprays in dense bunches with sharp, pointed tips. Each scale is roughly 1/8" long.
Green
White
Blue
Needles
Acicular
< 1 inch
Prickly
< 1 inch
Bark
The light reddish-brown bark is fibrous with intersection flat ridges, which sometimes spiral along the stem. The bark easily peels off in strips.
Light Brown
Red/Burgundy
Ridges
Peeling
Stem
Branchlets are brown, terete or rhombic in cross-section, in fan-shaped sprays, covered in leaves
Brown/Copper
Whole Plant Traits
Tree
Native Plant
Erect
Conical
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Moist
Occasionally Wet
Occasional Flooding
more than 60 feet
24-60 feet
Coastal
4a
4b
5b
5a
6a
6b
7a
7b
8b
8a
3a
3b
9a
9b
High Organic Matter
Sand
Landscape
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Water Garden
Screen/Privacy
Small groups
Specimen
Butterflies
Pollinators

Chamaecyparis thyoides Attributes

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Uses (Ethnobotany)

Wood is used to make shingles, posts and boats.

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Country Or Region Of Origin

Eastern U.S.A

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Distribution

AL , CT , DE , FL , GA , MA , MD , ME , MS , NC , NH , NJ , NY , PA , RI , SC , VA

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Wildlife Value

This tree provides cover for wildlife during the winter and extreme weather. This plant supports Hessel's Hairstreak (Callophrys hesseli) larvae. The Hessel's Hairstreak butterflies have 1-2 flights. In late May, one flight will occur in the northern states of New England. In April to July, two flights will occur in the southern states. Deer browse on this plant in the winter.

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Edibility

Edible

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Fire Risk Rating

extreme flammability
high flammability
low flammability
medium flammability

Chamaecyparis thyoides Fruit

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Fruit Description

It produces yellow pollen-bearing cones which are found at the stem ends. Its seed-bearing cones form in clusters, emerging purple but maturing to brown. They are 1/4" in diameter and have a crumpled appearance.

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Fruit Color

grass
Brown/Copper
grass
Gold/Yellow
grass
Purple/Lavender

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Chamaecyparis thyoides Flowers

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Flower Description

The Atlantic White Cedar has red-yellow male flowers and small green female flowers that mature in the spring.

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Blue
filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow
filter_vintage
Green
filter_vintage
Red/Burgundy

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Chamaecyparis thyoides Leaves

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Leaf Description

The scale-like adult leaves and needle-like juvenile leaves are a soft green to blue-green with conspicuous resinous glands. The leaf is flattened, having irregular, overlapping sprays in dense bunches with sharp, pointed tips. Each scale is roughly 1/8" long.

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Leaf Color

spa
Blue
spa
Green
spa
White

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Chamaecyparis thyoides Bark

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Bark Description

The light reddish-brown bark is fibrous with intersection flat ridges, which sometimes spiral along the stem. The bark easily peels off in strips.

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Bark Color

grass
Light Brown
grass
Red/Burgundy

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Surface/Attachment

Bumpy
Exfoliating
Fissured
Furrowed
Lenticels
Papery
Patchy
Peeling
Ridges
Scaly
Shaggy
Shiny
Shredding
Smooth
Spongy

Chamaecyparis thyoides Stem

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Stem Description

Branchlets are brown, terete or rhombic in cross-section, in fan-shaped sprays, covered in leaves

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Stem Color

grass
Brown/Copper

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Stem Cross Section

Angular
Oval
Round
Square

Chamaecyparis thyoides Whole Plant Traits

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Chamaecyparis thyoides Cultural Conditions

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Chamaecyparis thyoides: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Chamaecyparis thyoides: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
3a
thermostat
3b
thermostat
4a
thermostat
4b
thermostat
5a
thermostat
5b
thermostat
6a
thermostat
6b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Chamaecyparis thyoides Landscape

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Chamaecyparis thyoides: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees