• Photo of Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' (Ilex cornuta 'Carissa's)

Plant Profile: Ilex cornuta 'Carissa'

Names

Carissa Holly, Dwarf Chinese Holly

  • Photo of Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' (Ilex cornuta 'Carissa's)

Phonetic Spelling:EYE-leks kor-NOO-tuh

Genus:Ilex

Species:cornuta

Family:Aquifoliaceae

The 'Carissa' cultivar is an outstanding choice for a formal shrub, reaching heights of up to 4 feet and widths of 6 feet. Once established, this compact plant demonstrates remarkable tolerance to both drought and heat, featuring dense, rounded evergreen leaves that serve as an appealing backdrop for vibrant flowering plants. It flourishes in full sun or partial shade and prefers slightly acidic, well-drained soil. While 'Carissa' is not as cold-hardy as 'Dwarf Burford', it is equally easy to transplant. Its large, glossy leaves, characterized by a single spine at the tip, add a coarse texture to the landscape and remain visually appealing throughout the year. Although its flowers are modest in appearance, they are fragrant, and this cultivar produces fewer of the typical red fruits.

This shrub can be utilized as a hedge, a privacy screen, in shrub borders, or as part of foundation plantings. Pruning can be done at almost any time of the year, although it is seldom necessary since the plant naturally maintains its rounded shape. A light application of fertilizer in the spring and fall is recommended.

Additionally, this shrub is notably resistant to deer browsing.

**Quick Identification Tips:**
**Insects, Diseases, and Other Plant Issues:** This plant experiences minimal pest problems.

For further details on Ilex cornuta, please refer to additional resources.

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Feature Summary

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Image Gallery

Tags

#evergreen
#yellow
#fragrant flowers
#heat tolerant
#drought tolerant
#green
#shrub
#easy to grow
#nectar plant
#salt tolerant
#year-round interest
#hedges
#specialized bees
#cpp
#transplant
#deer resistant
#glossy leaves
#foundation planting
#rounded
#borders
#shimmer
#screening
#pollinator plant
#evergreen shrub
#border middle
#compact habit
#bird friendly
#bee friendly

Similar Plants

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' is often confused with:

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Feature Summary

Attributes
Fruits are attractive to birds and bees. Members of the genus Ilex support the following specialized bee: Colletes banksi.
Wildlife Food Source
Fruit
Fruit is generally not observed, though if the round red fruits do appear they will be present in fall and winter.
Red/Burgundy
< 1 inch
Leaves
Alternate, simple, leathery, ovate, coriaceous, glossy dark olive-green leaves that are 2-3 inches in length. Leaves have a long, single terminal at the spine (only apical). Leaves have a transparent rim around the leaf margin that reflects light and appears to shimmer. Some leaves appear to be bullate.
1-3 inches
Prickly
Glossy
Leathery
Long-lasting
Good Cut
1-3 inches
Stem
Current growth stem color is green.
Whole Plant Traits
Rounded
Mounding
Dense
Coarse
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Good Drainage
Occasionally Wet
Occasionally Dry
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Coastal
Piedmont
Clay
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Landscape
Drought Tolerant Garden
English Garden
Border
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Screen/Privacy
Pollinators
Songbirds
Specialized Bees
Spines/Thorns

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Attributes

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Wildlife Value

Fruits are attractive to birds and bees. Members of the genus Ilex support the following specialized bee: Colletes banksi.

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems)

Resistant to damage by deer.

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Fruit

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Fruit Description

Fruit is generally not observed, though if the round red fruits do appear they will be present in fall and winter.

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Fruit Color

grass
Red/Burgundy

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Flowers

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Flower Description

Non-showy flowers

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Flower Color

filter_vintage
White

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Leaves

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Leaf Description

Alternate, simple, leathery, ovate, coriaceous, glossy dark olive-green leaves that are 2-3 inches in length. Leaves have a long, single terminal at the spine (only apical). Leaves have a transparent rim around the leaf margin that reflects light and appears to shimmer. Some leaves appear to be bullate.

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Leaf Color

spa
Green

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Hairs Present

No
Yes

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Leaf Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long-lasting
Showy

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Stem

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Stem Description

Current growth stem color is green.

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Stem Color

grass
Green

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Whole Plant Traits

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Appendage

Prickles
Spines
Tendrils
Thorns

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Cultural Conditions

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa' Landscape

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Ilex cornuta 'Carissa': Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy