Plant Profile: Narcissus jonquilla

Taxonomy: Narcissus jonquilla

Names

Daffodil, Jonquil, Narcissus, Paper White, Species Daffodil

  • Photo of Narcissus jonquilla (Narcissus jonquillas)

Phonetic Spelling:nar-SIS-us jong-KWIL-uh

Genus:Narcissus

Species:jonquilla

Family:Amaryllidaceae

Jonquil is a hardy perennial bulb that can reach heights of up to 1.5 feet. It typically flowers in mid-spring and has a spreading growth pattern, making it an excellent choice for naturalizing in gardens. For optimal growth, plant the bulbs 3 to 5 inches deep and spaced 3 to 6 inches apart in the fall, allowing you to enjoy their vibrant golden-yellow blooms come spring. After flowering, you can remove the seed heads, but it's important to leave the leaves intact until they have completely withered, as they contribute essential nutrients to the bulb for the following year. Enhancing the planting soil with bone meal or superphosphate can further benefit this plant. Once the foliage has naturally browned, it can be cut back. Jonquils are resilient, tolerating both heat and drought, but they do not fare well in overly wet conditions. Thanks to their toxic alkaloid content, these plants are generally free from pests and diseases.

**Quick Identification Tips:**

For additional details on Narcissus, please refer to the provided resources.

Narcissus jonquilla Feature Summary

Narcissus jonquilla Image Gallery

Tags

#showy flowers
#yellow
#fragrant flowers
#drought tolerant
#easy to grow
#yellow flowers
#low maintenance
#rabbit resistant
#deer resistant
#fantz
#HS302
#problem for cats
#problem for dogs
#problem for horses

Similar Plants

Narcissus jonquilla is often confused with:

Narcissus jonquilla Feature Summary

Attributes
Flowers
Flowers have 1-3 petals, are scapose, ascending, fragrant, less than an inch in diameter, subtended by a one-valved, and have a membranous spathe. They are perianth tubular at base with 6 segments. The perianth segments are yellow, elliptic, and entire. Corona is yellow, conspicuous, cup-shaped, and has a margin that is shallowly lobed or somewhat crenate and less than an inch long and wide.
Gold/Yellow
2-3 rays/petals
< 1 inch
Leaves
Leaves are basal, linear, channeled at base and cylindric above, entire, erect, and less than an inch wide.
< 1 inch
Poisonous to Humans
Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors, and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part.
Lycorine and other alkaloids
Whole Plant Traits
Perennial
Bulb
Erect
Clumping
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Good Drainage
Moist
Less than 12 inches
High Organic Matter
Sand
Landscape
Drought
Insect Pests
Heat
Diseases
Problem for Cats
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses

Narcissus jonquilla Attributes

Narcissus jonquilla: Country Or Region Of Origin

Portugal, Spain

Narcissus jonquilla: Particularly Resistant To (Insects/Diseases/Other Problems)

Resistant to pest and disease

Narcissus jonquilla: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Narcissus jonquilla Flowers

Narcissus jonquilla: Flower Description

Flowers have 1-3 petals, are scapose, ascending, fragrant, less than an inch in diameter, subtended by a one-valved, and have a membranous spathe. They are perianth tubular at base with 6 segments. The perianth segments are yellow, elliptic, and entire. Corona is yellow, conspicuous, cup-shaped, and has a margin that is shallowly lobed or somewhat crenate and less than an inch long and wide.

Narcissus jonquilla: Flower Color

filter_vintage
Gold/Yellow

Narcissus jonquilla: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Narcissus jonquilla: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Narcissus jonquilla: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Narcissus jonquilla: Flower Shape

Bell
Cross
Crown
Cup
Dome
Funnel
Irregular
Lipped
Radial
Saucer
Star
Trumpet
Tubular
Urn
Wheel

Narcissus jonquilla: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Narcissus jonquilla Leaves

Narcissus jonquilla: Leaf Description

Leaves are basal, linear, channeled at base and cylindric above, entire, erect, and less than an inch wide.

Narcissus jonquilla: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Narcissus jonquilla: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Narcissus jonquilla: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Narcissus jonquilla: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Narcissus jonquilla: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Narcissus jonquilla Poisonous to Humans

Narcissus jonquilla: Poison Symptoms

Vomiting, salvation, diarrhea; large ingestions cause convulsions, low blood pressure, tremors, and cardiac arrhythmias. Bulbs are the most poisonous part.

Narcissus jonquilla: Poison Toxic Principle

Lycorine and other alkaloids

Narcissus jonquilla: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Narcissus jonquilla: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Narcissus jonquilla Whole Plant Traits

Narcissus jonquilla: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Narcissus jonquilla: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Narcissus jonquilla: Maintenance

Low
Medium
High

Narcissus jonquilla Cultural Conditions

Narcissus jonquilla: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Narcissus jonquilla: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Narcissus jonquilla: Available Space To Plant

12 inches-3 feet
12-24 feet
24-60 feet
3 feet-6 feet
6-feet-12 feet
Less than 12 inches
more than 60 feet

Narcissus jonquilla: Soil Texture

Clay
High Organic Matter
Loam (Silt)
Sand
Shallow Rocky

Narcissus jonquilla Stem

Narcissus jonquilla: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Narcissus jonquilla Landscape

Narcissus jonquilla: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Narcissus jonquilla: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy