Plant Profile: Beta vulgaris (Leaf Beet Group)

The Leaf Beet Group of Beta vulgaris includes varieties like Swiss Chard and Beet Spinach, which are cultivated primarily for their nutritious leafy greens. Unlike traditional beets, these varieties do not develop a swollen root. Their leaves can be consumed either raw or cooked, while the thick stalks are best enjoyed after being cooked.

These cultivars thrive in conditions ranging from full sun to partial shade and prefer moist, nutrient-rich, well-drained soil. They grow most rapidly during the cooler temperatures of spring and fall, although they can continue to produce leaves throughout the summer. These resilient plants can withstand heat, humidity, and drought, but growth will halt if they do not receive sufficient moisture. As biennials, they do not flower until their second year, which eliminates the risk of bolting due to heat.

Seeds can be sown directly into the ground or started indoors and then transplanted; if opting for transplanting, begin the seeds about four weeks prior to moving them outside. Space the plants 4 to 5 inches apart. They can also be successfully grown in containers, with a recommended minimum size of 2 quarts and a depth of 8 inches. While the time to maturity varies among cultivars, baby leaves can typically be harvested in about 30 days, and mature leaves in around 60 days. It is advisable to pick the largest leaves first to encourage the growth of fresh, new foliage.