Plant Profile: Brassica oleracea (Gemmifera Group)

The Gemmifera group of Brassica oleracea includes Brussels sprouts, a vegetable that resembles small cabbages measuring 1-2 inches in diameter, arranged along a tall central stem. This slow-growing plant thrives over an extended season; it is best to sow seeds in early summer and anticipate cooler fall temperatures for optimal growth. To ensure a robust harvest after the first frost, apply nitrogen fertilizer every few weeks during the summer months. Your patience in waiting for that initial frost will enhance the flavor of your harvest. Since Brussels sprouts have shallow root systems, it’s advisable to protect them with mulch, which also helps retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Typically, Brussels sprouts are consumed cooked, as eating them raw can cause digestive discomfort for many individuals.

In terms of pests and diseases, Brussels sprouts may be affected by cabbageworms, caterpillars, slugs, flea beetles, and aphids. Common diseases include leaf spots, black rot, and blackleg.