• Photo of Prunus caroliniana (Prunus carolinianas)

Plant Profile: Prunus caroliniana

Taxonomy: Prunus caroliniana

Names

Carolina Cherry Laurel, Carolina Cherry-Laurel, Carolina Laurel Cherry

  • Photo of Prunus caroliniana (Prunus carolinianas)

Phonetic Spelling:PROO-nus kair-oh-lin-ee-AY-nah

Genus:Prunus

Species:caroliniana

Family:Rosaceae

Carolina Laurel Cherry is a compact evergreen shrub or small tree that can reach heights of up to 35 feet. When the fresh leaves are crushed, they emit a delightful maraschino cherry scent and feature glands on their undersides. This species is indigenous to the southern United States. While it thrives in full sunlight, it can also tolerate shaded conditions, provided the soil remains moist and well-drained.

This plant is straightforward to transplant, can endure significant pruning, and shows moderate resistance to salt. Once established, it demonstrates good drought resilience. It is suitable for use as a hedge, foundation plant, or in small clusters and mass plantings. However, it may become invasive in disturbed areas such as roadsides and fencerows, producing root suckers and self-seeding in the landscape.

Fire Risk: This plant has a medium flammability rating.

In terms of pests and diseases, borers can pose a threat, especially to stressed trees. Additionally, mites and scale may be problematic, along with occasional fungal and viral issues. Its rapid growth can lead to weedy characteristics.

Quick Identification Tips:

Prunus caroliniana Feature Summary

Prunus caroliniana Image Gallery

Tags

#fragrant
#evergreen
#showy flowers
#small tree
#wildlife plant
#showy
#native tree
#fragrant leaves
#toxic
#salt tolerant
#cover plant
#flowering tree
#hedges
#food source
#highly beneficial coastal plants
#cpp
#fire
#medium flammability
#NC native
#deer resistant
#coastal plants
#naturalizes
#pollinator plant
#Braham Arboretum
#fantz
#larval host plant
#cover
#food source fall
#food source herbage
#food source nectar
#food source pollen
#small group plantings
#fruits
#bird friendly
#mammals
#food source soft mast fruit
#butterfly friendly
#butterfly larvae
#Piedmont Mountains FACU
#Coastal FACU
#problem for cats
#pollinators
#pollinator garden
#problem for dogs
#problem for horses
#audubon
#eastern tiger swallowtail butterfly

Similar Plants

Prunus caroliniana is often confused with:

Prunus caroliniana Feature Summary

Attributes
Provides winter and extreme weather cover. Host plant for Coral Hairstreak, Red-spotted Purple, Spring/Summer Azures, and Viceroy butterflies. This is also a larval host plant to Eastern Tiger Swallowtail (Papilio glaucus). You may see three flights from February-November in the deep south and two flights from May-September in the north. Adult butterflies source nectar from the spring flowers and bees source the pollen. Fruits are eaten by songbirds, wild turkeys, quail, raccoons, foxes, and small mammals. White-tailed deer browse foliage.
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Larval Host
medium flammability
Fruit
Green drupes that mature lustrous, dark black, ovoid subglobose, and are less than an inch in diameter. They mature with a large pith (stone). Fruit displays from September to October. While toxic to humans, they are a food source for birds.
Green
Black
< 1 inch
Flowers
The Carolina Laurel Cherry has fragrant, small white flowers (each to 5/16" across) that bloom in dense, short, axillary racemes (1" long) in late winter to early spring (March to April) and are somewhat inconspicuous amongst the leaves.
Fragrant
Good Cut
Showy
4-5 petals/rays
< 1 inch
Leaves
Leaves are 2-3" long, alternate, simple, glossy, oblong to oblong-elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, acute, cuneate to broad cuneate, entire as adult, spinose-serrate as seedlings, and are lustrous dark green at maturity. Leaves have pointed tips. The lower surface bears a pare of small glands near the base of the blade near the margins, and are reticulate below.
Elliptical
Oblong
Lanceolate
Entire
Serrate
1-3 inches
1-3 inches
Bark
The bark is smooth and gray to reddish-brown with numerous lenticels. Develops gray patches and splits with age.
Light Gray
Light Brown
Red/Burgundy
Smooth
Patchy
Lenticels
Poisonous to Humans
Gasping, weakness, excitement, pupil dilation, spasms, convulsions, coma, respiratory failure Stems, leaves, seeds contain cyanide, particularly toxic in the process of wilting: brick red mucous membranes, panting, shock.
Cyanogenic glycoside, amygdalin
Seeds
Leaves
Stems
Whole Plant Traits
Shrub
Tree
Native Plant
Poisonous
Rounded
Pyramidal
Dense
Medium
Cultural Conditions
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)
Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasionally Dry
Occasional Flooding
Coastal
Piedmont
7a
7b
8b
8a
9a
9b
10a
10b
Landscape
Butterfly Garden
Pollinator Garden
Native Garden
Border
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Small groups
Specimen
Flowering Tree
Small Tree
Woodland
Naturalized Area
Coastal
Riparian
Butterflies
Pollinators
Songbirds
Bees
Small Mammals
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Weedy

Prunus caroliniana Attributes

Prunus caroliniana: Country Or Region Of Origin

Northern America

Prunus caroliniana: Wildlife Value

Provides winter and extreme weather cover. Host plant for Coral Hairstreak, Red-spotted Purple, Spring/Summer Azures, and Viceroy butterflies. This is also a larval host plant to Eastern Tiger Swallowtail (Papilio glaucus). You may see three flights from February-November in the deep south and two flights from May-September in the north. Adult butterflies source nectar from the spring flowers and bees source the pollen. Fruits are eaten by songbirds, wild turkeys, quail, raccoons, foxes, and small mammals. White-tailed deer browse foliage.

Prunus caroliniana: Life Cycle

Annual
Biennial
Bulb
Perennial
Woody

Prunus caroliniana: Recommended Propagation Strategy

Division
Grafting
Layering
Leaf Cutting
Root Cutting
Seed
Stem Cutting

Prunus caroliniana: Play Value

Attractive Flowers
Attracts Pollinators
Buffer
Colorful
Defines Paths
Easy to Grow
Edible fruit
Fragrance
Pieces Used in Games
Screening
Shade
Sound
Textural
Wildlife Cover/Habitat
Wildlife Food Source
Wildlife Larval Host
Wildlife Nesting
Wind Break
Wind Shimmer

Prunus caroliniana: Fire Risk Rating

extreme flammability
high flammability
low flammability
medium flammability

Prunus caroliniana Fruit

Prunus caroliniana: Fruit Description

Green drupes that mature lustrous, dark black, ovoid subglobose, and are less than an inch in diameter. They mature with a large pith (stone). Fruit displays from September to October. While toxic to humans, they are a food source for birds.

Prunus caroliniana: Fruit Type

Achene
Aggregate
Berry
Capsule
Caryopsis
Drupe
Follicle
Legume
Nut
Pome
Samara
Schizocarp
Siliqua

Prunus caroliniana: Fruit Color

grass
Black
grass
Green

Prunus caroliniana: Fruit Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Prunus caroliniana: Display/Harvest Time

Fall
Spring
Summer
Winter

Prunus caroliniana: Fruit Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Prunus caroliniana: Fruit Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
> 3 inches

Prunus caroliniana Flowers

Prunus caroliniana: Flower Description

The Carolina Laurel Cherry has fragrant, small white flowers (each to 5/16" across) that bloom in dense, short, axillary racemes (1" long) in late winter to early spring (March to April) and are somewhat inconspicuous amongst the leaves.

Prunus caroliniana: Flower Color

filter_vintage
White

Prunus caroliniana: Flower Inflorescence

Catkin
Corymb
Cyme
Head
Insignificant
Panicle
Raceme
Solitary
Spadix
Spike
Umbel

Prunus caroliniana: Flower Value To Gardener

Edible
Fragrant
Good Cut
Good Dried
Long Bloom Season
Long-lasting
Showy

Prunus caroliniana: Flower Bloom Time

Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall

Prunus caroliniana: Flower Petals

2-3 rays/petals
4-5 petals/rays
6 petals/rays
7 - 20 petals/rays
asymmetrical petals
Bracts
Colored Sepals
fused petals
more than 20 petals/rays
Tepals

Prunus caroliniana: Flower Size

1-3 inches
3-6 inches
< 1 inch
> 6 inches

Prunus caroliniana Leaves

Prunus caroliniana: Leaf Description

Leaves are 2-3" long, alternate, simple, glossy, oblong to oblong-elliptic to elliptic-lanceolate, acute, cuneate to broad cuneate, entire as adult, spinose-serrate as seedlings, and are lustrous dark green at maturity. Leaves have pointed tips. The lower surface bears a pare of small glands near the base of the blade near the margins, and are reticulate below.

Prunus caroliniana: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Prunus caroliniana: Leaf Color

spa
Green

Prunus caroliniana: Leaf Type

Compound (Pinnately , Bipinnately, Palmately)
Fronds
Needles
Sheath
Simple

Prunus caroliniana: Leaf Arrangement

Alternate
Opposite
Other/more complex
Rosulate
Whorled

Prunus caroliniana: Leaf Shape

Acicular
Auriculate
Cordate
Cuneate
Deltoid
Elliptical
Filiform
Lanceolate
Linear
Oblanceolate
Oblong
Obovate
Obtuse
Orbicular
Ovate
Palmasect
Palmatifid
Peltate
Pinnatifid
Pinnatisect
Reniform
Rhomboidal
Spatulate
Subcordate
Subulate

Prunus caroliniana: Leaf Margin

Crenate
Crenulate
Dentate
Denticulate
Doubly Crenate
Doubly Dentate
Doubly Serrate
Entire
Lobed
Serrate
Sinuate
Undulate

Prunus caroliniana: Hairs Present

No
Yes

Prunus caroliniana: Leaf Length

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Prunus caroliniana: Leaf Feel

Fleshy
Glossy
Leathery
Papery
Prickly
Rough
Rubbery
Slippery
Smooth
Soft
Velvety
Waxy

Prunus caroliniana: Leaf Width

< 1 inch
1-3 inches
3-6 inches
> 6 inches

Prunus caroliniana Bark

Prunus caroliniana: Bark Description

The bark is smooth and gray to reddish-brown with numerous lenticels. Develops gray patches and splits with age.

Prunus caroliniana: Bark Color

grass
Light Brown
grass
Light Gray
grass
Red/Burgundy

Prunus caroliniana: Surface/Attachment

Bumpy
Exfoliating
Fissured
Furrowed
Lenticels
Papery
Patchy
Peeling
Ridges
Scaly
Shaggy
Shiny
Shredding
Smooth
Spongy

Prunus caroliniana Poisonous to Humans

Prunus caroliniana: Poison Symptoms

Gasping, weakness, excitement, pupil dilation, spasms, convulsions, coma, respiratory failure Stems, leaves, seeds contain cyanide, particularly toxic in the process of wilting: brick red mucous membranes, panting, shock.

Prunus caroliniana: Poison Toxic Principle

Cyanogenic glycoside, amygdalin

Prunus caroliniana: Poison Severity

High
Low
Medium

Prunus caroliniana: Causes Contact Dermatitis

No
Yes

Prunus caroliniana: Poison Part

Bark
Flowers
Fruits
Leaves
Roots
Sap/Juice
Seeds
Stems

Prunus caroliniana Whole Plant Traits

Prunus caroliniana: Plant Type

Annual
Bulb
Carnivorous
Edible
Epiphyte
Fern
Ground Cover
Herb
Herbaceous Perennial
Houseplant
Mushroom
Native Plant
Ornamental Grasses and Sedges
Perennial
Poisonous
Rose
Shrub
Succulent
Tree
Turfgrass
Vegetable
Vine
Water Plant
Weed
Wildflower

Prunus caroliniana: Woody Plant Leaf Characteristics

Broadleaf Evergreen
Deciduous
Needled Evergreen
Semi-evergreen

Prunus caroliniana: Habit/Form

Arching
Ascending
Broad
Cascading
Climbing
Clumping
Columnar
Conical
Creeping
Dense
Erect
Horizontal
Irregular
Mounding
Multi-stemmed
Multi-trunked
Open
Oval
Prostrate
Pyramidal
Rounded
Spreading
Vase
Weeping

Prunus caroliniana: Growth Rate

Slow
Medium
Rapid

Prunus caroliniana: Texture

Fine
Medium
Coarse

Prunus caroliniana Cultural Conditions

Prunus caroliniana: Light

Dappled Sunlight (Shade through upper canopy all day)
Deep shade (Less than 2 hours to no direct sunlight)
Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day)
Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours)

Prunus caroliniana: Soil pH

Acid (<6.0)
Alkaline (>8.0)
Neutral (6.0-8.0)

Prunus caroliniana: Soil Drainage

Frequent Standing Water
Good Drainage
Moist
Occasional Flooding
Occasionally Dry
Occasionally Wet
Very Dry

Prunus caroliniana: NC Region

Coastal
Mountains
Piedmont

Prunus caroliniana: USDA Plant Hardiness Zone

thermostat
10a
thermostat
10b
thermostat
7a
thermostat
7b
thermostat
8a
thermostat
8b
thermostat
9a
thermostat
9b

Prunus caroliniana Stem

Prunus caroliniana: Stem Is Aromatic

No
Yes

Prunus caroliniana: Stem Lenticels

Conspicuous
Not Conspicuous

Prunus caroliniana Landscape

Prunus caroliniana: Landscape Theme

Asian Garden
Butterfly Garden
Children's Garden
Cottage Garden
Cutting Garden
Drought Tolerant Garden
Edible Garden
English Garden
Fairy Garden
Garden for the Blind
Native Garden
Nighttime Garden
Pollinator Garden
Rain Garden
Rock Garden
Shade Garden
Water Garden
Winter Garden

Prunus caroliniana: Design Feature

Accent
Barrier
Border
Flowering Tree
Foundation Planting
Hedge
Mass Planting
Screen/Privacy
Security
Shade Tree
Small groups
Small Tree
Specimen
Street Tree
Understory Tree

Prunus caroliniana: Resistance To Challenges

Black Walnut
Compaction
Deer
Diseases
Drought
Dry Soil
Erosion
Fire
Foot Traffic
Heat
Heavy Shade
Humidity
Insect Pests
Pollution
Poor Soil
Rabbits
Salt
Slugs
Squirrels
Storm damage
Urban Conditions
Voles
Wet Soil
Wind

Prunus caroliniana: Landscape Location

Coastal
Container
Hanging Baskets
Houseplants
Lawn
Meadow
Naturalized Area
Near Septic
Patio
Pond
Pool/Hardscape
Recreational Play Area
Riparian
Rock Wall
Slope/Bank
Small Space
Vertical Spaces
Walkways
Woodland

Prunus caroliniana: Attracts

Bats
Bees
Butterflies
Frogs
Hummingbirds
Moths
Pollinators
Predatory Insects
Reptiles
Small Mammals
Songbirds
Specialized Bees

Prunus caroliniana: Problems

Allelopathic
Contact Dermatitis
Frequent Disease Problems
Frequent Insect Problems
Invasive Species
Malodorous
Messy
Poisonous to Humans
Problem for Cats
Problem for Children
Problem for Dogs
Problem for Horses
Short-lived
Spines/Thorns
Weak Wood
Weedy